An imaging apparatus comprises a rotatable gantry system positioned at least partially around a patient support; a first source of radiation coupled to the rotatable gantry system, the first source of radiation configured for imaging radiation; a second source of radiation coupled to the rotatable gantry system; and a first radiation detector coupled to the rotatable gantry system and laterally movable relative to a central beam of the first source of radiation to receive radiation from at least the first source of radiation over various fields of view. Alternative configurations of the imaging apparatus and methods of using the imaging apparatus are also provided.

System and techniques may be adapted for use in composite field sequencing for proton therapy. A technique may include generating a proton therapy plan in a treatment planning system, the proton therapy plan including a plurality of static fields. The technique may include creating a single data file of a single dynamic field representing the plurality of static fields. The single data file may be sent to a proton therapy system for delivery of the single dynamic field. The technique may include receiving a response information related to a dose delivered to a patient by the single dynamic field.

A system and method of performing prospective and retrospective on-line adaptive radiotherapy. The method includes performing, during a treatment delivery session, delivery of a dose of radiation to an anatomical volume. The method includes detecting, during the treatment delivery session, a current state of the anatomical volume. The method includes predicting a future change in the current state of the anatomical volume during the treatment delivery session. The method includes adjusting, while the anatomical volume is in the current state, the treatment delivery to anticipate the future change in the anatomical volume.

A system and method of performing prospective and retrospective on-line adaptive radiotherapy. The method includes performing, during a treatment delivery session, delivery of a dose of radiation to an anatomical volume. The method includes detecting, during the treatment delivery session, a current state of the anatomical volume. The method includes predicting a future change in the current state of the anatomical volume during the treatment delivery session. The method includes adjusting, while the anatomical volume is in the current state, the treatment delivery to anticipate the future change in the anatomical volume.

A method of trajectory optimization for radiotherapy treatment includes providing a patient model having one or more regions of interest (ROIs), defining a delivery coordinate space (DCS), for each ROI, solving an adjoint transport to obtain an adjoint solution field from the ROI, for each vertex in the DCS, evaluating an adjoint photon fluence by performing ray tracing of the adjoint solution field, evaluating a dose of the ROI using the adjoint photon fluence, for each vertex in the DCS, evaluating a respective beam's eye view (BEV) score of each pixel of a BEV plane using the doses of the one or more ROIs, determining one or more BEV regions in the BEV plane based on the BEV scores, determining a BEV region connectivity manifold based on the BEV regions, and determining one or more optimal treatment trajectories based on the BEV region connectivity manifold.

Systems and methods for radiation treatment planning can include a computing system determining an estimate of a radiation dose distribution within an anatomical region of a patient, and determining a cost matrix representing an objective function, using the estimate of the radiation dose distribution. The computing system can project the cost matrix on each of a plurality of fluence planes. Each of the plurality of fluence planes can be associated with a corresponding gantry-couch orientation of a plurality of gantry-couch orientations of a medical linear accelerator. The computing system can determine, using projections of the cost matrix on each of the plurality of fluence planes, a sequence of gantry-couch orientations among the plurality of gantry-couch orientations representing a treatment path.

A system includes a computing system with a processor and computer readable storage medium with computer readable and executable instructions, including a radiation plan module, a radiation plan optimization module and a radiation plan visualization module. The processor is configured to execute the instructions, which causes the processor to construct and visually present, via a display monitor, a two-dimensional plot with three-dimensions of data from a radiation plan, and two dimensions along two axes of the plot and a third dimension represented through intensity.

Systems, methods, and computer software are disclosed for determining a shape of a radiation field generated by a radiation delivery system through the use of a scintillator and a camera that is configured to acquire images of light emitted by the scintillator during delivery of a radiation beam. A support structure may be mounted to the radiation delivery system and the scintillator and camera may be fixed to the support structure such that the scintillator is not perpendicular to the axis of the radiation beam. An edge detection algorithm may be applied to radiation patterns present in the camera images in order to determine the location of an edge of a leaf of a multi-leaf collimator.

A multi-leaf collimator includes a driving component, a controller and n leaf-group layers, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, wherein each leaf-group layer includes one group of leaves or two opposing groups of leaves, each group of leaves includes a plurality of leaves, each of the leaves includes a front end surface and a rear end surface which are opposite to each other, and each of the leaves is movable so that the front end surfaces of the leaves in the multiple leaf-group layers form a variable-shaped region that allows beams to pass through; and the rear end surface of the leaf is connected to the driving component, and the controller is configured to control the driving component to drive the leaf to move.

A method of determining treatment geometries for a radiotherapy treatment includes providing a patient model having one or more regions of interest (ROIs); defining a delivery coordinate space (DCS); for each beam's eye view (BEV) plane of each vertex in the DCS, and for each ROI, evaluating a dose of the ROI using transport solutions; evaluating a BEV scores of each pixel of the BEV plane using the doses of the one or more ROIs; determining one or more BEV regions in the BEV plane based on the BEV scores; determining a BEV region connectivity manifold based on the BEV regions; determining a set of treatment trajectories based on the BEV region connectivity manifold; and determining one or more IMRT fields. Each treatment trajectory defines a path through a set of vertices in the DCS. Each IMRT field defines a direction of incidence corresponding to a vertex in the DCS.