A system to determine the isocenter of a LINAC includes apparatus and processes to determine the axis of rotation for the collimator, the gantry and the patient couch. The system and apparatus enable the tracking of the translation-rotation of mechanical components attached to the LINAC to compute the axis of rotation of Gantry, Collimator and Table. Based on the data collected related to these axis's the LINAC isocenter is determined. The apparatus utilized in the system includes a single emitter module, a signal receiver module, a positioning module. The system also includes a isocenter target module and a gravity module to determine a gravity vector for the LINAC

The invention comprises a method and apparatus for imaging a tumor with X-rays while, simultaneously or alternatingly, treating or imaging the tumor with positively charged particles. An X-ray imaging system, such as one or two sets of a cone beam X-ray source coupled to an X-ray detector, is rotatable about a first axis and a patient. The X-ray imaging system is positioned off axis a path of charged particles delivered through an exit port of a nozzle system from a synchrotron and does not block a path of the positively charged particles from the exit nozzle to the patient or an imaging path from the patient to a scintillation detector. Fiducial indicators are used to confirm an unobstructed path of the positively charged particles in a treatment room comprising many movable elements, such as the X-ray imaging system and a patient positioning system/couch.

The invention comprises a method and apparatus for treating a tumor of a patient with charged particles, comprising the step of developing a multi-modality treatment plan, the multi-modality treatment plan directing: (1) use of a first beam type to treat a first volume of the tumor, the first beam type a first mass per particle and (2) use of a second beam type to treat a second volume of the tumor, the second beam type comprising a second mass per particle, where the second mass per particle is at least ten percent different than the first mass per particle and the second volume differs from the first volume. The multi-modality treatment plan is optionally formed by selectively merging treatment plans using the respective particle types or is developed using properties of the multiple particle types.

A method comprises identifying a treatment planning image of a target subject, the treatment planning image comprising information associated with an arrangement of structures within the target subject. The method further comprises generating, based on the information, a set of reference data associated with the target subject, the reference data indicating a plurality of positions of the target subject. The method further comprises generating target-subject-specific models based on the reference data and modifying one or more hyper-parameters of the target-subject-specific mode to generate second target-subject-specific models corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions. The method further comprises controlling a radiation treatment delivery device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a radiation treatment to the target subject.

A method comprises inputting a treatment planning image of a target subject into a machine learning system. The method further comprises determining, by the machine learning system, a first target-subject-specific model of the treatment planning image. The method further comprises applying, by a processing device, the first target-subject-specific model to the treatment planning image to generate a transformed treatment planning image corresponding to a first position of a plurality of positions of the target subject. The method further comprises comparing the transformed treatment planning image to a reference image. The method further comprises, based on the comparing, modifying one or more parameters of the first target-subject-specific model to generate a second target-subject-specific model corresponding to a second position of the plurality of positions. The method further comprises controlling a treatment device based on the second target-subject-specific model to deliver a treatment to the target subject.

The invention comprises a method and apparatus for treating a tumor, comprising the steps of: (1) a main controller sequentially delivering charged particles from a synchrotron along a first beam transport line, through a nozzle system, and to the tumor according to a current version of the radiation treatment plan; (2) concurrent with the step of delivering, generating an image of the tumor using an imaging system; (3) the main controller automatically generating an updated version of the radiation treatment plan using the image, the updated version of the radiation treatment plan becoming the current version of the radiation treatment plan; and (4) repeating the steps of: delivering grouped bunches of the charged particles, generating an image of the tumor, and automatically generating the updated or current version of the radiation treatment plan with optional intervening doctor approval.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus of locating a tumor. The method includes: obtaining a position of a positioning mark before the patient's head moves, a position of a positioning mark after the patient's head moves, and a position of the tumor before the patient's head moves, wherein the positioning mark is disposed at a preset position of the body surface of the patient's head; determining a position of the tumor after the patient's head moves according to the position of the positioning mark before the patient's head moves, the position of the positioning mark after the patient's head moves, and the position of the tumor before the patient's head moves.

A method and apparatus for manipulation of a respiratory model via adjustment of parameters associated with model images is described. The method includes identifying one of more images of a plurality of images that are used with a previously generated model associated with a position and motion of a targeted region of a patient to receive radiation treatment. The method also includes generating, by a processing device, a new model to be associated with the position and motion of the targeted region based on a selection that is associated with one of the one or more images of the plurality of images, wherein the new model is a relationship between a series of internal features and external marker positions. The method further includes delivering radiation to the targeted region based on the new model.

An intervention system employs an interventional device (10), and a sensor wire (20) manually translatable within a lumen (11). The intervention system further employs a reconstruction controller (44) for reconstructing a shape of the interventional tool (10) responsive to a sensing of a manual translation of the sensor wire (20) within the lumen (11) (e.g., a EM sensor being attached to/embedded within a guide wire), and for determining a reconstruction accuracy of a translation velocity of the sensor wire (20) within the lumen (11) to thereby facilitate an accurate reconstruction of the shape of the interventional tool (10). The reconstruction accuracy may be determined by the reconstruction controller (44) as an acceptable translation velocity being less than an acceptable threshold, an unacceptable translation velocity being greater than an unacceptable threshold, and/or a borderline translation velocity being greater than the acceptable threshold and less than the unacceptable threshold. The reconstruction controller (44) generates an acceptability indicator that may be visualizing or audibly communicated via a user interface (48).

An absorbing device (24, 24, 24, 41) for radiotherapy treatment comprising at least one layer of electromagnetic absorbing material wherein the absorbing material is for preventing interaction between a target localisation system (1) having a targeted frequency range of between about 300 kHz and 500 kHz and a treatment table (4).