Described herein are methods for monitoring the radiation delivery during a radiotherapy delivery session and providing a graphical representation of radiation delivery to an operator (e.g., a clinician, a medical physicist, a radiation therapy technologist). The graphics are updated in real-time, as radiation data is collected by the radiotherapy system, and in some variations, can be updated every 15 minutes or less. A variety of graphical representations (“graphics”) can be used to indicate the status of radiation delivery relative to the planned radiation delivery. Methods optionally include calculating a range of acceptable metric values, generating graphics that represent the range of acceptable metrics values, and generating a graphic that depicts the real-time values of those metrics overlaid with the range of acceptable metrics values.

The present disclosure includes procedures to automate quality assurance testing for radiotherapy equipment that includes MR-Linac devices that are agnostic as to the manufacturer and vendor of the equipment. The present disclosure includes a process for performing a validation procedure for the linear accelerator of the MR-Linac device. The present disclosure includes a process for analyzing quality of the images produced by the MR imaging device of the MR-Linac device. The present disclosure includes a process for combining performance of a validation procedure for the linear accelerator of the MR-Linac device and the analysis of the quality of the images produced by the MR imaging device of the MR-Linac device.

The present disclosure is related to systems and methods for isocenter calibration. The method includes providing a phantom including a first member and a second member with a fixed position relationship. The method includes acquiring, using a first device, at least one first image of the first member of the phantom. The method includes determining, based on the at least one first image, a first position relationship between a first isocenter of the first device and the first member. The method includes acquiring, using a second device, at least one second image of the second member of the phantom. The method includes determining, based on the at least one second image and the fixed position relationship, a second position relationship between a second isocenter of the second device and the first member. The method includes determining, based on the first position relationship and the second position relationship, a third position relationship between the first isocenter and the second isocenter.

An apparatus in a radiation therapy system includes: a base configured to support a first quality assurance phantom at a first position and a second quality assurance phantom at a second position; and at least one coupling element. The at least one coupling element is configured to: mate with at least one indexing feature of a first patient treatment couch of the radiation therapy system; and fix a position of the base relative to the first patient treatment couch.

A quality assurance method for a radiotherapy device is disclosed. The method comprises disposing a phantom on a patient couch of the radiotherapy device, moving the patient couch to simulate motion of a subject, determining a measured value associated with the phantom, and comparing the measured value to an expected value. A radiotherapy device is also disclosed, the radiotherapy device comprising a radiation source configured to apply a radiation beam, a patient couch, a phantom disposable on the patient couch, and a controller communicatively coupled to the patient couch. A computer-readable medium storing instructions is also disclosed. A phantom for a radiotherapy device is also disclosed.

The disclosed calibration method includes a calibration phantom positioned on an adjustable table on the surface of a mechanical couch, with the phantom's centre at an estimated location for the iso-centre of a radio therapy treatment apparatus. The calibration phantom is then irradiated using the apparatus, and the relative location of the center of the calibration phantom and the iso-centre of the apparatus is determined by analyzing images of the irradiation of the calibration phantom. The calibration phantom is then repositioned by the mechanical couch applying an offset corresponding to the determined relative location of the centre of the calibration phantom and the iso-centre of the apparatus to the calibration phantom. Images of the relocated calibration phantom are obtained, to which the offset has been applied, and the obtained images are processed to set the co-ordinate system of a stereoscopic camera system relative to the iso-centre of the apparatus.

A radiotherapy apparatus is disclosed, having an imaging system and a therapeutic radiation source, an imageable volume into which therapeutic radiation may be provided, a first imaging means for providing an image resulting from the imaging system and a second imaging means for providing an image resulting from the therapeutic radiation, and a patient support moveable relative to the volume, wherein the patient support is provided with a calibration portion comprising at least one object of a material capable of appearing in the image produced by the first imaging means and at least one object of a material capable of appearing in the image produced by the second imaging means, the at least one object being fixed in a pre-determined position relative to the calibration portion and the calibration portion being fixed in a pre-determined position relative to the patient support, the patient support being moveable so that the at least one object portion may optionally be positioned within or outside the volume.

Systems and methods for delivering a radiation beam using a linear accelerator (LINAC). Optimal beam alignment parameters may be determined and stored for each of N gantry angles. The beam alignment parameters may adjust a current supplied to one or more bending magnets of the LINAC and, thus, change an angle and direction of the radiation beam. An optimum beam alignment parameter for a gantry angle may be determined by adjusting the beam alignment parameter until a center of a radiation field of the radiation beam in a radiation transmission image is at a center of shadow of a radiation opaque marker, which may be placed at a radiation isocenter. The beam alignment parameters stored for the N gantry angles may be used to adjust the beam steering current as the gantry is rotated through any arbitrary gantry angle.

Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and computer-readable storage devices for manufacturing patient-specific bolus for use in targeted radiotherapy treatment. Based on dose calculations without a bolus and based on three-dimensional scan data of a patient, the example system generates a model of a bolus for targeting radiotherapy treatment to a planning target volume or target region within the patient. The system can perform several iterations to generate a resulting model for the bolus. Then, the system can generate instructions for controlling a three-dimensional printer to generate the bolus that conforms to the patient's skin surface while also specifically targeting the planning target volume for the radiotherapy treatment. In this way, the amount of radiotherapy treatment administered to other tissue is reduced, while the costs, time, and human involvement in creating the bolus are significantly reduced.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for real-time monitoring of patient position and/or location during a radiation treatment session. Images acquired of a patient during a treatment session can be used to calculate the patient's position and/or location with respect to the components of the radiation therapy system. One variation of a radiation therapy system includes a circular gantry with a rotatable ring coupled to a stationary frame, a therapeutic radiation source mounted on the rotatable ring, and a patient-monitoring imaging system mounted on the rotatable ring. The patient-monitoring system may have one or more image sensors or cameras disposed on the rotatable ring within a bore region of the radiation therapy system, and may be configured to acquire image data as the ring rotates.