The present application provides an initial, or first, packed arc setup to be compared with predefined arc setup constraints. These predefined arc setup constraints at least constrain the number of patient table angles per target volume, constrain the number of times the gantry moves along one arc per table angle, constraint the sum of gantry span per metastasis over all arcs, and constrain the minimum table span. Based on the result of the comparison between the first packed arc setup with the predefined arc setup constraints a second arc setup is automatically suggested. The automatically suggested second arc setup may then be compared with the first one by calculating a score for both setups. Several iterations of such a method can be carried out based on the comparison between an arc setup and the following, subsequent arc setup in the iteration.

Systems and methods provide radiotherapy treatment by focusing an electron beam on an x-ray target (e.g., a tungsten plate) to produce a high-yield x-ray output with improved field shaping. A modified electron beam spatial distribution is employed to scan the x-ray target, such as a 2D periodic beam path, which advantageously lowers the x-ray target temperature compared to the typical compact beam spatial distribution. As a result, the x-ray target can produce a high yield output without sacrificing the x-ray target life span. The use of a 2D periodic beam path allows a much colder x-ray target functioning regime such that more dosage can be applied in a short period of time compared to existing techniques.

Methods and systems for radiation treatment planning and delivery apply a CODA cube. Cost values in the CODA cube may be used in the optimization of couch, collimator, and gantry angles simultaneously. Trajectories generated using the CODA cube show significant benefits when compared to conventional VMAT. A statistically significant sparing to OAR maximum radiation doses was seen. CODA plans resulted in a reduction to maximum radiation dose in OARs of 20.6% (p<0.01), with maximum brainstem radiation dose decreased by 2.63 Gy (p=0.031) on average. Mean reduction in total MU was 8.6% (p=0.156), and a mean decrease in non-target brain tissue receiving 12 Gy or higher was 3.9% (p=0.16), when compared to standard VMAT methods (n=7).

The treatment couch includes a couch panel, a main supporting structure, an auxiliary supporting structure and a supporting beam. Both ends of the supporting beam are respectively connected to the main supporting structure and the auxiliary supporting structure.

A radiation therapy system is capable of widening a radiation irradiation range to a patient and includes: a radiation source; a rotation mechanism that supports the radiation source in rotation around an isocenter; a couch that places a therapy target site of a patient at the isocenter; a head swing mechanism that is disposed between the radiation source and the rotation mechanism and that swings an irradiation axis of a radiation emitted from the radiation source by swinging the radiation source; and a controller. The controller holds the head swing mechanism in a state where the irradiation axis of the radiation of the radiation source is shifted from the isocenter in a predetermined direction by a predetermined amount, and rotates the radiation source by the rotation mechanism while emitting the radiation from the radiation source while maintaining the state of the head swing mechanism.

Disclosed herein are radiotherapy systems and methods that can display a workflow-oriented graphical user interface(s). In an embodiment, a system comprises a radiotherapy machine comprising: a gantry having a screen in communication with a server, the screen configured to display a graphical user interface; and at least one camera, wherein the server is configured to present, in real time, images received from the at least one camera for display on a graphical user interface displayed on the screen.

The invention comprises a segmented rolling floor apparatus and method of use thereof, such as for use in a charged particle cancer therapy system. The segmented rolling floor comprises a first spool and a second spool, attached to opposite ends of the rolling floor, which cooperatively wind and unwind the rolling floor. The segmented rolling floor circumferentially surrounds a nozzle system penetrating through an aperture in the segmented rolling floor, where the nozzle system is used to deliver charged particles, from an accelerator, to a tumor of a patient. The rolling floor and nozzle systems move at respective rates maintaining the nozzle system in the aperture allowing for a safe/walkable floor while allowing treatment of the tumor as a gantry rotates the nozzle system and delivers protons to the tumor from positions above and below the floor.

The invention comprises an apparatus for controlling tumor treatment with positively charged particles, comprising: a cancer therapy system, comprising a set of modular control units corresponding to a set of subsystems of the cancer therapy system; a first subsystem of the set of subsystems comprising an extraction system; and a second subsystem of the set of subsystems comprising a dual axis scanning system, the dual axis scanning system comprising: a first pair of magnets on opposite sides of a beam path chamber; a second pair of magnets on opposite sides of the beam path chamber; and a trapezoidal prism gap positioned between the first pair of magnets and the second pair of magnets, where communication from the cancer therapy system with each member of the set of subsystems occurs without direct communication between members of the set of subsystems.

A system to determine the isocenter of a LINAC includes apparatus and processes to determine the axis of rotation for the collimator, the gantry and the patient couch. The system and apparatus enable the tracking of the translation-rotation of mechanical components attached to the LINAC to compute the axis of rotation of Gantry, Collimator and Table. Based on the data collected related to these axis's the LINAC isocenter is determined. The apparatus utilized in the system includes a single emitter module, a signal receiver module, a positioning module. The system also includes a isocenter target module and a gravity module to determine a gravity vector for the LINAC

The invention comprises a method and apparatus for imaging a tumor with X-rays while, simultaneously or alternatingly, treating or imaging the tumor with positively charged particles. An X-ray imaging system, such as one or two sets of a cone beam X-ray source coupled to an X-ray detector, is rotatable about a first axis and a patient. The X-ray imaging system is positioned off axis a path of charged particles delivered through an exit port of a nozzle system from a synchrotron and does not block a path of the positively charged particles from the exit nozzle to the patient or an imaging path from the patient to a scintillation detector. Fiducial indicators are used to confirm an unobstructed path of the positively charged particles in a treatment room comprising many movable elements, such as the X-ray imaging system and a patient positioning system/couch.