A dry sprinkler for a fire protection system having a configuration with one or more coupling arrangements for connection to a fluid supply piping of the system. The dry sprinkler structure further includes an inner surface and inner assembly to provide a preferred discharge performance. The dry sprinkler provides for a flow rate from the outlet of the sprinkler in accordance with the start pressure at the inlet of the sprinkler and the rated discharge coefficient, K factor, ranging between 16.8 GPM/PSI½ and 33.6 GPM/PSI½.

A dry sprinkler includes a flexible tube section that maintains a pressurized fluid, such as a liquid antifreeze solution, between a first end and a second end. A first seal prevents fluid from a supply line from entering the flexible tube section. The first seal is maintained in a sealed position by a pressure of the pressurized fluid. A sprinkler head is coupled to the second end of the flexible tube section, and includes a frame, an output orifice, a deflector, a second seal that seals the output orifice, and a thermally responsive element configured to maintain the second seal in a sealed position when the thermally responsive element is in a non-responsive state. A differential pressure controller maintains a ratio between the pressure of the pressurized fluid in the flexible tube section and a pressure of a supply fluid in the supply line to at least a certain ratio.

A dry sprinkler includes a flexible tube section that maintains a pressurized fluid, such as a liquid antifreeze solution, between a first end and a second end. A first seal prevents fluid from a supply line from entering the flexible tube section. The first seal is maintained in a sealed position by a pressure of the pressurized fluid. A sprinkler head is coupled to the second end of the flexible tube section, and includes a frame, an output orifice, a deflector, a second seal that seals the output orifice, and a thermally responsive element configured to maintain the second seal in a sealed position when the thermally responsive element is in a non-responsive state. A differential pressure controller maintains a ratio between the pressure of the pressurized fluid in the flexible tube section and a pressure of a supply fluid in the supply line to at least a certain ratio.

A fire suppression sprinkler has a deflector with two slots aligned with the deflector support arms. The two slots extend from opposite sides of a periphery of the deflector along a common line which passes though the sprinkler's flow axis. The two slots extend to a point which underlies the sprinkler's nose at the ends of the support arms to which the deflector is attached. Other slots extend from the periphery of the deflector along lines which do not pass through the sprinkler flow axis. The other slots extend to points in spaced relation to the nose. Regions of the deflector periphery surrounding the first and second slots are closer to the flow axis than other regions of the periphery.

A fire suppression sprinkler has a deflector with two slots aligned with the deflector support arms. The two slots extend from opposite sides of a periphery of the deflector along a common line which passes though the sprinkler's flow axis. The two slots extend to a point which underlies the sprinkler's nose at the ends of the support arms to which the deflector is attached. Other slots extend from the periphery of the deflector along lines which do not pass through the sprinkler flow axis. The other slots extend to points in spaced relation to the nose. Regions of the deflector periphery surrounding the first and second slots are closer to the flow axis than other regions of the periphery.

Provides are embodiments of a sprinkler and sprinkler system. The embodiments include a sprinkler body having a fluid inlet, a seal configured to prevent fluid flow through the sprinkler body when the seal is in a first position, and a bulb configured to retain the seal in the first position, the bulb configured to break at a temperature and allow the seal to move to a second position allowing fluid flow through the sprinkler body. The bulb includes a wireless power and communication unit configured to receive a wireless activation signal, an energy storing unit configured to store energy for a heating element, a control unit operably coupled to the wireless power and communication unit and the energy storing unit, and the heating element configured to supply the energy to the fluid in the bulb responsive to a trigger.

Provides are embodiments of a sprinkler and sprinkler system. The embodiments include a sprinkler body having a fluid inlet, a seal configured to prevent fluid flow through the sprinkler body when the seal is in a first position, and a bulb configured to retain the seal in the first position, the bulb configured to break at a temperature and allow the seal to move to a second position allowing fluid flow through the sprinkler body. The bulb includes a wireless power and communication unit configured to receive a wireless activation signal, an energy storing unit configured to store energy for a heating element, a control unit operably coupled to the wireless power and communication unit and the energy storing unit, and the heating element configured to supply the energy to the fluid in the bulb responsive to a trigger.

An exemplary bursting capsule includes a hollow cavity completely enclosed and delimited by a vessel wall comprising a frangible material, a rupturing fluid disposed in the hollow cavity, an electrical conductor disposed on an outside surface of the vessel wall, and a conformal coating on at least a portion of the outside surface covering the electrical conductor.

An exemplary bursting capsule includes a hollow cavity completely enclosed and delimited by a vessel wall comprising a frangible material, a rupturing fluid disposed in the hollow cavity, an electrical conductor disposed on an outside surface of the vessel wall, and a conformal coating on at least a portion of the outside surface covering the electrical conductor.

A method for extinguishing a flame and terminating thermal runaway in a device powered by a lithium ion battery. The disclosure also provides a system for extinguishing fires generated by lithium ion batteries exhibiting thermal runaway.