A cool roofing system includes highly reflective calcined kaolin particles having a solar reflectance of 80% to 92%. When applied to a roofing substrate, the highly reflective kaolin particles produce a roofing system having a solar reflectance greater than or equal to 70%.

An abrasive coating for a metal airfoil tip in a gas turbine engine may include a plurality of grit particles coated with a braze alloy material and configured for attachment to the airfoil tip. The braze alloy may be a nickel base, cobalt base or iron base braze alloy or mixtures thereof, or a titanium base braze alloy.

A shingle includes a substrate having an asphalt coating on a top surface of the substrate and on a bottom surface of the substrate. A surface layer of granules is embedded in the asphalt on the top surface of the substrate. A backdust layer of particles is embedded in the asphalt on the bottom surface of the substrate. A sealant is disposed on the backdust. A hydrophobic material is applied to the sealant.

A cool roofing system includes highly reflective calcined kaolin particles having a solar reflectance of 80% to 92%. When applied to a roofing substrate, the highly reflective kaolin particles produce a roofing system having a solar reflectance greater than or equal to 70%.

Variations of this invention provide durable, impact-resistant structural coatings that have both dewetting and anti-icing properties. The coatings in some embodiments possess a self-similar structure that combines a low-cost matrix with two feature sizes that are tuned to affect the wetting of water and freezing of water on the surface. Dewetting and anti-icing performance is simultaneously achieved in a structural coating comprising multiple layers, wherein each layer includes (a) a continuous matrix; (b) discrete templates dispersed that promote surface roughness to inhibit wetting of water; and (c) nanoparticles that inhibit heterogeneous nucleation of water. These structural coatings utilize low-cost, lightweight, and environmentally benign materials that can be rapidly sprayed over large areas using convenient coating processes. The presence of multiple layers means that if the surface is damaged during use, freshly exposed surface will expose a coating identical to that which was removed, for extended lifetime.

Provided are a chip with a stereoscopic texture for a resin-based reinforced natural stone and a resin-based reinforced natural stone including the same. A chip with a stereoscopic texture can be obtained by coating a pigment on a surface of a crushed reinforced natural stone chip. In a resin-based reinforced natural stone to which the chip with a stereoscopic texture is added, a boundary surface between the chip and a matrix is formed, such that a texture of natural stone and a three-dimensional stereoscopic effect may be implemented, thereby making it possible to implement an aesthetically beautiful surface.

A metallic foil for lightning strike protection in a composite aerospace structure having a length, a width, and a thickness of not more than 30 microns. There are a plurality of pores of a predefined geometric shape extending through the thickness of the metallic foil and being distributed across a surface area defined by the length and the width of the metallic foil. The plurality of pores in the aggregate define an open area of not more than 40% of the surface area and the metallic foil has a weight of not more than 115 g/m.sup.2. The metallic foil has a weight to conductivity ratio of not more than 0.40 gram-ohms per square.

A roofing membrane includes a membrane layer. An adhesive layer is adhered to a first side of the membrane layer and a layer of granules is adhered to the first adhesive layer.

Biocidal roofing granules are prepared by providing a mineral core and at least one biocidal photocatalytic metal oxide. A gel-forming inorganic coating medium is prepared and used to coat the mineral core to form a coating layer having a porous network on the mineral core, and the at least one biocidal photocatalytic metal oxide is disposed in the porous network.

This invention is directed to an improved contact surface for manipulating articles wherein the microstructure included on the contact surface having a plurality of pillars spaced apart in the range of 200 m and 600 m, having a height in the range of 50 m and 1200 m, a width of in the range of 70 m and 300 m, a wall draft angle between 0 and 15, a density of in the range of 5,000 to 20,000 pillars per square inch, and a friction rating greater than 7. The contact surface can be included on a sewing machine feed dog, a glove, sporting equipment, firearm grip, hand rail, tool grip, tool handle, and a strap such as for a satchel or backpack.