An optical film has a resin film and a hardcoat layer disposed on one surface of the resin film, in which the hardcoat layer contains a polysiloxane-containing compound and a fluorine-containing compound, and a film thickness of the resin film is equal to or greater than 80 m.

Solar-reflective roofing granules having deep-tone colors are formed by coating base mineral particles with a coating composition including an infrared-reflective pigment. Color is provided by a colored infrared pigment, a light-interference platelet pigment, or a metal oxide.

Roofing granules having a color coating layer are covered with a clear, transparent or translucent outer coating composition including a functional material, such nanoparticles of anatase titanium dioxide.

Solar-reflective roofing granules having deep-tone colors are formed by coating base mineral particles with a coating composition including an infrared-reflective pigment. Color is provided by a colored infrared pigment, a light-interference platelet pigment, or a metal oxide.

Materials which react with (scavenge) sulfur compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans, are useful for limiting sulfur-induced corrosion. Surface-modified particles incorporating a hexahydrotriazine moiety are disclosed and used as sulfur scavengers. These surface-modified particles are used a filter media in fixed filter systems and as additives to fluids including sulfur compounds. The hexahydrotriazine moiety can react with sulfur compounds in such a manner as to bind sulfur atoms to the surface-modified particles, thus allowing removal of the sulfur atoms from fluids such as crude oil, natural gas, hydrocarbon combustion exhaust gases, sulfur polluted air and water. The surface-modified particles may, in general, be sized to allow separation of the particles from the process fluid by sedimentation, size-exclusion filtration or the like.

A method of producing silica-based particles includes, when a dispersion liquid of composite oxide particles is prepared by simultaneously adding an aqueous silicate solution and/or an acidic silicic acid solution and an aqueous solution of an alkali-soluble inorganic compound in an alkali aqueous solution or in an alkali aqueous solution with seed particles dispersed therein, if required, the aqueous silicate solution and/or the acidic silicic acid solution and the aqueous solution of alkali-soluble inorganic compound are added so that the molar ratio of MO.sub.x/SiO.sub.2 are in a range from 0.01 to 2, herein MO.sub.x denoting an inorganic oxide other than silica and SiO.sub.2 denoting silica to prepare the dispersion liquid of composite oxide particles with an average diameter (D.sub.p1) in a range from 3 to 300 nm.

Dark colored roofing granules include an inert base particle coated with a composition including a metal silicate, a non-clay latent heat reactant, and a dark colored but solar reflective pigment.

According to the present invention, there is provide a coated film that is excellent in surface hardness and abrasion resistance and has good adhesion between a polyester film and a hard coat layer. The present invention relates to a coated film comprising a polyester film and a coating layer formed on at least one surface of the polyester film, the coating layer being prepared from a coating solution comprising a (meth)acrylate compound, a reactive silica comprising a (meth)acryloyl group, and an isocyanate-based compound.

The present disclosure provides a process for synthesizing functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), comprising: refluxing MWCNTs with an acidic mixture to obtain a acid functionalized MWCNTs; and reacting the acid functionalized MWCNTs with oleyl amine in presence of an organic solvent to obtain an oleylamine derivative of MWCNTs. The present disclosure also provides a process for synthesizing a polycarbosilane coated MWCNT, comprising: mixing polycarbosilane and MWCNTs to obtain a mixture; stirring the mixture in Tetrahydrofuran, in presence of a catalyst under an inert atmosphere, to obtain a reaction mixture; and drying the reaction mixture under vacuum followed by heating to obtain polycarbosilane coated MWCNT's. The present disclosure further provides the application of functionalized MWCNTs as synthesized in accordance with the present disclosure, for use in making photovoltaic devices and the application of polycarbosilane coated MWCNTs as synthesized in accordance with the present disclosure for use in making glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites.

Polar silane linkers are provided that attach to resins to form silane-functionalized resins. The functionalized resins can be bound to hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica particles to improve the dispersibility of the silica particles in rubber mixtures. Further disclosed are synthetic routes to provide the silane-functionalized resins, as well as various uses and end products that benefit from the unexpected properties of the silane-functionalized resins. Silane-functionalized resins impart remarkable properties on various rubber compositions, such as tires, belts, hoses, brakes, and the like. Automobile tires incorporating the silane-functionalized resins are shown to possess excellent results in balancing the properties of rolling resistance, tire wear, and wet braking performance.