Described are materials for a shoe upper, in particular for soccer shoes, with a particularly low weight. The material includes an inner polyurethane layer, an outer polyurethane layer, and a textile reinforcing layer. The textile reinforcing layer is arranged between the inner polyurethane layer and the outer polyurethane layer. The inner polyurethane layer and the outer polyurethane layer comprise thermoset polyurethane. The textile reinforcing layer comprises apertures through which the inner polyurethane layer and the outer polyurethane layer are connected to each other.

Described are materials for a shoe upper, in particular for soccer shoes, with a particularly low weight. The material includes an inner polyurethane layer, an outer polyurethane layer, and a textile reinforcing layer. The textile reinforcing layer is arranged between the inner polyurethane layer and the outer polyurethane layer. The inner polyurethane layer and the outer polyurethane layer comprise thermoset polyurethane. The textile reinforcing layer comprises apertures through which the inner polyurethane layer and the outer polyurethane layer are connected to each other.

Various techniques described herein relate to battery packs of electric vehicles, batteries, and battery charging systems. Batteries may comprise a plurality of battery modules, wherein each battery module may be provided with one or more battery cells, and the plurality of battery modules may be connected in series when providing electric power output. Battery charging systems described herein may comprise a charging circuit that connects a plurality of battery modules in series, and may be used for charging the plurality of battery modules in the battery in series. Additional charging circuits may be connected respectively to the plurality of battery modules, and the additional charging circuits may be used for charging at least one battery module in the plurality of battery modules.

An elastic sheet stretchable structure in which a first sheet layer and a second sheet layer are bonded through joint holes penetrating an elastic film at a plurality of sheet joined portions arranged at intervals is included. Joined portion groups in the stretchable region are in a relationship of intersecting a stretchable direction line at respective positions in an orthogonal direction or in a relationship of not intersecting the stretchable direction line at a separation width of 0.5 mm or less in the orthogonal direction of the stretchable direction line. The joined portion groups are in a relationship of not intersecting an oblique line at a predetermined separation width in the orthogonal direction in an oblique line group of oblique lines q in the orthogonal direction intersecting the stretchable direction line within an angle range of 45 degrees or less.

Embodiments provide a helical layer structure including: a helical core member which is formed of a flexible, lengthy, flat plate-like core member and which is formed of a steel plate made of a metal material, such as iron; and a polymeric coating layer which is formed of a polymeric material such as a thermosetting elastic material or a thermoplastic elastic material, and which coats the helical core member. The manufacturing method of the helical layer structure includes: a feeding step of feeding a core member having flexibility; a supply step of supplying the polymeric material having fluidity; a coating step of coating the core member with the polymeric material; a cooling step of cooling a coated intermediate which is coated with the polymeric material; and a helix formation step of helically twisting the coated intermediate to form the helical layer structure.

A joining structure includes a first member, a second member of a material different from that of the first member, and a separation mechanism provided between the first member and the second member and that separates the first member and the second member from each other, wherein a resin is filled into the space between the edge of at least one member among the first member and the second member, and the other member.

Methods for fastening or coupling dissimilar materials to each other may include providing a first component with a first through hole and a second component with a second through hole that is at least partly aligned with the first through hole. A mixture including a first material and a second material may be injected into the aligned through holes of the first component and the second component. The mixture of the first material and the second material may expand in the through holes, e.g., due to a chemical reaction, thereby connecting the first component and the second component together.

A security document with unidirectional visual illumination is disclosed. A security feature is positioned within the document and not visible in normal ambient lighting conditions but becomes visible under specialized lighting conditions, for example in the presence of ultraviolet light. The security feature is constructible such that it is visible only from a single side of the security document, with the side being predeterminable regardless of the orientation of the specialized light.

A shoe or apparel, including a first material layer with a first plurality of protrusions, a flexible layer with a plurality of apertures, and a second material layer. The flexible layer is positioned between the first material layer and the second material layer. Each protrusion of the first plurality of protrusions of the first material layer extends through at least one aperture of the plurality of apertures of the flexible layer and is connected to the second material layer. The flexible layer is not connected to the first material layer and the second material layer, and thereby can freely move between the first material layer and the second material layer.

A composite material with an insert-molded attachment steel is provided. The composite material includes a plurality of burring apertures, each of which has a flange in one direction on the attachment steel and is inserted between fibers. A resin is then introduced between the fibers in each burring aperture and external to the flange.