A golf ball for amateur golfers is endowed with an excellent flight and a good feel at impact that is soft yet solid when hit by a golfer whose head speed is not very high. The ball, which includes a core and a cover, has a compressive deformation B when subjected to a final load of 30 kgf from an initial load state of 5 kgf that is from 0.72 to 0.97 mm and a compressive deformation C when subjected to a final load of 60 kgf from an initial load state of 5 kgf that is from 1.55 to 1.85 mm. In addition, the core has a hardness profile which satisfies specific conditions.

In a golf ball having a rubber core and an intermediate layer and outermost layer which encase the core, the intermediate layer is formed of a thermoplastic resin composition which has a flexural rigidity of 400 to 500 MPa and a melt flow rate of 15 g/10 min or less and includes 50 to 100 wt % of a magnesium salt of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer, the outermost layer is formed of a polyurethane resin composition having a Shore D material hardness of 55 or less, and the golf ball has a deflection within a given range. Compared with conventional golf balls containing the high-rigidity ionomer resins hitherto used as intermediate layer materials, this ball suppresses the spin rate on shots with a driver and long and middle irons, enabling an increased distance to be obtained, and also has a high durability to repeated impact.

A golf ball comprising: (a) a core; (b) an inner mantle layer; (c) an intermediate mantle layer; (d) an outer mantle layer; and (e) at least one cover layer; wherein the core has a PGA compression of less than 70, and the core/inner mantle layer/intermediate mantle layer combined construct has a PGA compression of at least 30.

Golf balls having covers made of thermoplastic polyurethane compositions are provided. Multi-piece golf balls can be made. In one embodiment, the outer cover layer is formed from a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane and epoxy compound. Mixtures of multi-functional amines and imines, and multi-functional isocyanates, and epoxy curing agents; and solvent, can be applied to the outer cover. The resulting coating may contain polyurethanes, polyureas, and hybrids, copolymers, and blends thereof. The cover composition and surface coatings can further include catalysts, ultraviolet (UV)-light stabilizers, and other additives. The coating methods have many benefits and the finished balls have good physical properties.

In a multi-piece solid golf ball having a core, an envelope layer, an intermediate layer and a cover, the envelope layer is formed into two layers—an inner envelope layer and an outer envelope layer. The inner envelope layer-encased sphere, outer envelope layer-encased sphere, intermediate layer-encased sphere and ball have respective surface hardness that satisfy a specific relationship. The inner envelope layer or outer envelope layer is formed primarily of one or more elastomer, and further the core has a particular hardness profile. This ball has an excellent flight when struck by golfers whose head speeds are not that fast and has a good, soft feel at impact, thus making it highly suitable for amateur golfers,

In a multi-piece solid golf ball having a core formed of a rubber composition, an intermediate layer formed of a polyurethane material and a cover, the ball satisfies the following condition: surface hardness of ballsurface hardness of intermediate layer-encased sphere. When the ball is struck with a driver at a head speed of 40 m/s, the sum of the time t1 required from contact initiation between the driver and ball for deformation of the ball to reach a maximum value and the time t2 required from the state of maximum ball deformation for the ball and driver clubface to separate is at least 705 microseconds. This ball has an excellent flight performance when hit by low or moderate head-speed golfers, is receptive to spin on approach shots and has a good, soft feel at impact.

A golf ball has a core, an inner cover, an outer cover, and dimples. The golf ball satisfies the following mathematical formulas.

Sa=4500+10(A0.5B2Cs)4000

0.04Sa+16020D0.04Sa+160+20 A: a compression (Atti) of the golfball B: a hardness difference (Shore C) between a surface and a center of the core

Cs: (HiTi+2HoTo)/(Ti+2To) D: a total volume (mm.sup.3) of the dimples Hi: a hardness (Shore D) of the inner cover Ho: a hardness (Shore D) of the outer cover Ti: a thickness (mm) of the inner cover To: a thickness (mm) of the outer cover

A golf ball has a core, an inner cover, an outer cover, and dimples, and satisfies the following mathematical formulas.

Vw=54+0.01(2.5AB+5Cv)58.0

0.08X.sup.24.25X+34520D0.08X.sup.24.25X+345+20

A: a compression of the golf ball

B: a hardness difference between a surface and a center of the core

Cv:(HiTi+HoTo)/(Ti+To)

Cs:(HiTi+2HoTo)/(Ti+2To)

D: a total volume of the dimples

X:Sw/Vw

Hi: a hardness of the inner cover

Ho: a hardness of the outer cover

Ti: a thickness of the inner cover

To: a thickness of the outer cover

Sw: 3000+10(AB1.5Cs)

An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball having a low spin rate on driver shots. The present invention provides a golf ball comprising a spherical core and at least one cover layer covering the spherical core, wherein the spherical core is formed from a rubber composition containing (a) a base rubber, (b) a co-crosslinking agent, (c) a crosslinking initiator, and (d) a RAFT agent, (b) the co-crosslinking agent contains an ,-unsaturated carboxylic acid having 3 to 8 carbon atoms and/or a metal salt thereof, and (d) the RAFT agent is a compound represented by the formula (1):

##STR00001## in the formula (1), R represents a monovalent organic group, and Z represents a monovalent organic group.

Multi-piece golf balls having a multi-layered solid core and multi-layered cover are provided.