Techniques, devices, and systems may include screening effective therapies using cortical evoked potentials. In one example, a system may be configured to receive a first sensed cortical evoked potential of a patient that occurred in response to an induced sensation at an anatomical region different from a brain region of the patient and receive a second sensed cortical evoked potential that occurred in response to electrical stimulation delivered to one or more nerves associated with the anatomical region. The electrical stimulation may be at least partially defined by a set of therapy parameter values. The system may also compare a first value of a characteristic of the first sensed cortical evoked potential to a second value of the characteristic of the second sensed cortical evoked potential and determine, based on the comparison, efficacy of a therapy configured to treat a condition associated with the anatomical region.

A genetically-modified rat having a PKHD1L1 gene with a point or other mutation and a construction method thereof are disclosed. A CRISPR/Cas9 system knocks the PKHD1L1 gene into a mouse source, and a codon changes from TTA to TCA to construct the mutant PKHD1L1 gene. The genetically-modified rat can be applied to epilepsy pathogenesis studies and design and testing of new anti-epileptic drugs. Methods for detecting abnormal cortical excitability and detecting an epileptic phenotype of an animal can use the genetically-modified rat. A somatosensory evoked potential is used to detect whether the genetically-modified rat has an abnormal cortical excitability phenotype, so as to confirm whether the rat can be a successful model for testing anti-epileptic drugs. The method can detect abnormal cortical excitability and verify the effectiveness of anti-epileptic drugs or treatments.

A genetically-modified rat having a PKHD1L1 gene with a point or other mutation and a construction method thereof are disclosed. A CRISPR/Cas9 system knocks the PKHD1L1 gene into a mouse source, and a codon changes from TTA to TCA to construct the mutant PKHD1L1 gene. The genetically-modified rat can be applied to epilepsy pathogenesis studies and design and testing of new anti-epileptic drugs. Methods for detecting abnormal cortical excitability and detecting an epileptic phenotype of an animal can use the genetically-modified rat. A somatosensory evoked potential is used to detect whether the genetically-modified rat has an abnormal cortical excitability phenotype, so as to confirm whether the rat can be a successful model for testing anti-epileptic drugs. The method can detect abnormal cortical excitability and verify the effectiveness of anti-epileptic drugs or treatments.

The present application relates to an instrument for detecting evoked responses. The instrument comprises a stimulus generator configured to generate at least one stimulus or a plurality of consecutive stimuli according to a test protocol, at least one output unit comprising a transducer, the output unit being configured to receive said at least one stimulus or plurality of consecutive stimuli from said stimulus generator and to provide said at least one stimulus or plurality of consecutive stimuli the test subject, at least one recording unit comprising one or more sensors for measuring one or more evoked responses of the test subject, in response to said provided at least one stimulus or plurality of consecutive stimuli, an analysis unit configured to receive and analyse said measured one or more evoked responses, where said analysis unit is configured to determine a probability, p, of whether each of said responses is driven by an underlying background noise during operation of said instrument, and where the analysis unit is configured to determine said probability, p, based on an F-value of the measured one or more evoked responses determined as a ratio between a variance of the average one or more evoked responses and a variance of a residual background noise. The application further relates to a method of detecting evoked responses.

The present application relates to an instrument for detecting evoked responses. The instrument comprises a stimulus generator configured to generate at least one stimulus or a plurality of consecutive stimuli according to a test protocol, at least one output unit comprising a transducer, the output unit being configured to receive said at least one stimulus or plurality of consecutive stimuli from said stimulus generator and to provide said at least one stimulus or plurality of consecutive stimuli the test subject, at least one recording unit comprising one or more sensors for measuring one or more evoked responses of the test subject, in response to said provided at least one stimulus or plurality of consecutive stimuli, an analysis unit configured to receive and analyse said measured one or more evoked responses, where said analysis unit is configured to determine a probability, p, of whether each of said responses is driven by an underlying background noise during operation of said instrument, and where the analysis unit is configured to determine said probability, p, based on an F-value of the measured one or more evoked responses determined as a ratio between a variance of the average one or more evoked responses and a variance of a residual background noise. The application further relates to a method of detecting evoked responses.

Systems, methods and techniques for providing sensory input to a subject through non-invasive brain stimulation are generally described. In some examples, an input signal related to an environment may be received. In various further examples, a communication to the subject may be determined in response to the input signal. In some examples, an output signal corresponding to the determined communication may be generated. Some further examples may comprise non-invasively stimulating a portion of the subject's brain with the output signal with a stimulation subsystem positioned outside of the subject's scalp. In various examples, the stimulation of the portion of the subject's brain may be effective in producing a sensory response perceivable by the subject.

An apparatus and method for brain training, including at least one first vibratory stimulation unit configured to generate vibratory stimuli with the user's skull; at least one second vibratory stimulation unit configured to generate vibratory stimuli with the user's body movement senses; at least one brain wave detecting unit configured to detect the brain wave of the user; and a controlling unit configured to connect with and control the visual stimulation unit, the first vibratory stimulation unit, the second vibratory stimulation unit and the brain wave detecting unit. By using the apparatus, the user can trigger active different parts area of brain to respond to the stimulations in a non-invasive way to improve the metabolism of brain tissue and help the neurons-to-neurons communication, which would be used in different occasions to improve the learning ability of users.

A system for providing neuronal stimulation signals configured to elicit sensory percepts in the cortex of an individual, comprising device for obtaining spatial information relating to the actual or planned position of a neuronal stimulation device relative to afferent axon(s) targeting sensory neuron(s) in the cortex of the individual and device for determining a neuronal stimulation signal to be applied to the afferent axon(s) via the neuronal stimulation device based at least in part on the obtained spatial information.

A method of aligning a wearable device having a set of neurophysiological sensors on a head of a subject, comprises capturing a three-dimensional (3D) facial image of the subject, and a 3D image of the wearable device while being placed on a scalp of the subject. Facial landmarks are identified on the facial image, and the images are co-registered based at least in part on the identified facial landmarks. A trained machine learning procedure is fed with the facial landmarks to produce coordinates of scalp landmarks, and an alignment of the wearable device on the scalp is corrected to match coordinates of the scalp landmarks with locations of the neurophysiological sensors.

Methods, systems, and devices for sensing biometric signals and sending haptic precursors to effectuate a haptic sensation is disclosed. Utilizing a component, for example a sensing component or electrode, on a wearable device, a biometric signal of a user can be sensed. One or more haptic precursors can also be sent by the component to one or more targeted biophysical areas of the user. The one or more haptic precursors can cause the user to sense one or more haptic sensations at the targeted biophysical areas.