A surgical instrument is disclosed comprising a housing and a control circuit mounted to and/or embedded in the housing.

A surgical laser system includes a first laser source, a second laser source, a beam combiner and a laser probe. The first laser source is configured to output a first laser pulse train comprising first laser pulses. The second laser source is configured to output a second laser pulse train comprising second laser pulses. The beam combiner is configured to combine the first and second laser pulse trains and output a combined laser pulse train comprising the first and second laser pulses. The laser probe is optically coupled to an output of the beam combiner and is configured to discharge the combined laser pulse train.

A method of delivering pulsed electric field energy to perform ablation of a tissue includes providing a pulse train to an electrode. The pulse train may include a first set of pulses with a first pulse width to generate first electric field and a second set of pulses with a second pulse width greater than the first pulse width to generate a second electric field. The electrode may be positioned at a same position during generation of the first electric field and the second electric field. The first electric field may be configured to have a higher electroporation effect on the first elongated cells having a first orientation than on second elongated cells having a second orientation. The second electric field may be configured to have a higher electroporation effect on the second cells than on the first cells.

A laser irradiation device includes a housing which has an accommodation space formed therein and an opening formed in one side thereof, a laser module which is positioned in the accommodation space and outputs a pulsed beam having a predetermined focal length and a predetermined focal depth range through the opening, a guide member positioned at one side of the housing, and a contact member which is mounted on the guide member and includes a contact portion having a through-hole, through which the pulsed beam passes, formed therein, wherein the contact portion is in contact with a subject to assist in fixing an irradiation point of the pulsed beam, one end of the contact portion is positioned within the focal depth range such that plasma ablation is induced in at least a portion of the subject, and a diameter of the through-hole having a circular shape.

A surgical instrument is disclosed. The surgical instrument includes an electric motor and a control circuit. The control circuit includes a plurality of logic gates and a monostable multivibrator. The monostable multivibrator is connected to a first one of the logic gates. The control circuit is configured to alter a rate of action of a function of the surgical instrument by controlling a speed of rotation of the electric motor based on a sensed parameter.

A device and a method, which is individual to a patient, treat malignant diseases by using selectively acting tumor-destructive mechanical pulses (TMI). The tumor-destructive pulse shapes are determined using physical cell properties, which are individual to each patient. The device is controlled in such that lethal pulse fields are applied in the tumor area.

A surgical instrument is disclosed. The surgical instrument includes a shaft, a sensing array and a fluid detection circuit. The sensing array is positioned within the shaft. The fluid detection circuit is electrically coupled to the sensing array, and is configured to determine when a fluid originating from an environment external to the shaft is present within the shaft.

A surgical instrument is disclosed comprising an actuator and circuitry mounted on and/or embedded in the actuator.

A method for adjusting the operation of a surgical instrument using machine learning in a surgical suite is disclosed.

A surgical laser system (100) includes a first laser source (140A), a second laser source (140B), a beam combiner (142) and a laser probe (108). The first laser source is configured to output a first laser pulse train (144, 104A) comprising first laser pulses (146). The second laser source is configured to output a second laser pulse train (148, 104B) comprising second laser pulses (150). The beam combiner is configured to combine the first and second laser pulse trains and output a combined laser pulse train (152, 104) comprising the first and second laser pulses. The laser probe is optically coupled to an output of the beam combiner and is configured to discharge the combined laser pulse train.

In some embodiments, a surgical laser system includes a laser generator (102), a laser probe (108), a stone analyzer (170), and a controller (122). The laser generator is configured to generate laser energy (104) based on laser energy settings (126). The laser probe is configured to discharge the laser energy. The stone analyzer has an output relating to a characteristic of a targeted stone (120). The controller comprises at least one processor configured to determine the laser energy settings based on the output.

In some embodiments of a method of fragmenting a targeted kidney or bladder stone, a first laser pulse train (144) comprising first laser pulses (146) is generated using a first laser source (140A). A second laser pulse train (148) comprising second laser pulses (150) is generated using a second laser source (140B). The first and second laser pulse trains are combined into a combined laser pulse train (152) comprising the first and second laser pulses. The stone is exposed to the combined laser pulse train using a laser probe (108). The stone is fragmented in response to exposing the stone to the combined laser pulse train.

In some embodiments of a method of fragmenting a targeted kidney or bladder stone, an output relating to a characteristic of the targeted stone (120) is generated using a stone analyzer (170). Embodiments of the characteristic include an estimated size of the stone, an estimated length of the stone, an estimated composition of the stone, and a vibration frequency measurement of the stone. Laser energy settings (126) are generated based on the output. Laser energy (104) is generated using a laser generator in accordance with the laser energy settings. The stone is exposed to the laser energy using a laser probe (108