Systems and methods for a laser-assisted topical treatment of nail fungal infections are provided. The laser-assisted topical treatment includes a laser that is configured to output a beam that penetrates the infected nail and creates a channel therethrough. The laser-assisted topical treatment further includes a treatment agent comprising a vehicle and a drug. The treatment agent is applied to an exterior surface of the infected nail so that the treatment agent may flow into the channel.

An electromagnetic beam scanning system and corresponding method of use is provided. The system includes a motor, a reciprocating mechanism, and a focus optic. The motor is configured to generate a rotational movement. The reciprocating mechanism is operatively coupled with the motor and configured to convert the rotational movement to a reciprocating movement including a plurality of strokes along a first scanned axis. The reciprocating movement has a constant speed over a portion of at least one stroke of the plurality of strokes. The focus optic is operatively coupled to the reciprocating mechanism such that the focus optic moves experiences the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating mechanism. The focus optic is configured to focus an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam incident upon the focus optic to a focus along an optical axis substantially orthogonal to the first scanned axis.

A system includes a focus optic configured to converge an electromagnetic radiation (EMR) beam to a focal region located along an optical axis. The system also includes a detector configured to detect a signal radiation emanating from a predetermined location along the optical axis. The system additionally includes a controller configured to adjust a parameter of the EMR beam based in part on the signal radiation detected by the detector. The system also includes a window located a predetermined depth away from the focal region, between the focal region and the focus optic along the optical axis, wherein the window is configured to make contact with a surface of a tissue.

A cooling element includes a frame including one or more datums. The cooling element also includes a first window including a first proximal surface and a first distal surface. The first window is sealed to the frame. The cooling element further includes a second window sealed to the frame. The second window includes a second proximal surface and a second distal surface. The second window is configured to contact a target tissue or a tissue adjacent to the target tissue via the second distal surface. The cooing element also includes a coolant chamber located between the first distal surface of the first window and the second proximal surface of the second window and configured to receive a coolant. The first window, the second window and the coolant chamber are configured to receive and electromagnetic radiation (EMR), and transmit a portion of the received EMR to the target tissue.

An ophthalmic surgery laser system and method of laser delivery for an ophthalmic surgery laser system are disclosed herein. Embodiments of the system and method are directed to an ophthalmic surgery laser system including a laser engine, a laser guide, and a laser shaper. Embodiments of the system and method are directed to a laser delivery system for an ophthalmic surgery laser system. Embodiments of the system and method are directed to an ophthalmic surgery laser system including additional functionality such as laser scanning confocal microscopy, 3D laser scanning, and laser beam diagnostics. Embodiments further include the use of a lower power illumination source.

An ophthalmic surgery laser system and method of laser delivery for an ophthalmic surgery laser system are disclosed herein. Embodiments of the system and method are directed to an ophthalmic surgery laser system including a laser engine, a laser guide, and a laser shaper. Embodiments of the system and method are directed to a laser delivery system for an ophthalmic surgery laser system. Embodiments of the system and method are directed to an ophthalmic surgery laser system including additional functionality such as laser scanning confocal microscopy, 3D laser scanning, and laser beam diagnostics. Embodiments further include the use of a lower power illumination source.

A cooling element includes a frame including one or more datums. The cooling element also includes a first window including a first proximal surface and a first distal surface. The first window is sealed to the frame. The cooling element further includes a second window sealed to the frame. The second window includes a second proximal surface and a second distal surface. The second window is configured to contact a target tissue or a tissue adjacent to the target tissue via the second distal surface. The cooing element also includes a coolant chamber located between the first distal surface of the first window and the second proximal surface of the second window and configured to receive a coolant. The first window, the second window and the coolant chamber are configured to receive and electromagnetic radiation (EMR), and transmit a portion of the received EMR to the target tissue.

A method for determining a change of temperature of an object. The method may include heating an object and measuring scattering parameters (S-parameters) of scattered microwave electric fields from the object. A distorted Born iterative method may be used to determine a change of a dielectric property of the object based on the measured S-parameters. A change of temperature of the object may be determined based on the change of the dielectric property of the object.

A laser system includes a laser source generating a laser beam having ultra-short pulses; a laser delivery assembly optically receiving the laser beam and comprising: a beam splitter configured to split the laser beam between a first beam delivery path and a second beam delivery path; and at least one focusing lens optically coupled to the beam splitter and configured to focus the laser beam from each of the first beam delivery path and the second beam delivery path to a focal point on a predefined plane; wherein the first beam delivery path intersects the predefined plane at a first angle, the second beam delivery path intersects the predefined plane at a second angle, and a first pulse from the first beam delivery path and a second pulse from the second beam delivery path are coincident at the focal point.

An ophthalmic surgical laser system and method for forming a lenticule in a subject's eye using fast-scan-slow-sweep scanning scheme. A high frequency scanner forms a fast scan line, which is placed by the XY and Z scanners at a location tangential to a parallel of latitude of the surface of the lenticule. The XY and Z scanners then move the scan line in a slow sweep trajectory along a meridian of longitude of the surface of the lenticule in one sweep. Multiple sweeps are performed along different meridians to form the entire lenticule surface, and a prism is used to change the orientation of the scan line of the high frequency scanner between successive sweeps. In each sweep, the sweeping speed along the meridian is variable, being the slowest at the edge of the lenticule and the fastest near the apex.