A novel and improved elbow prosthesis and method of implanting same including a prosthesis system that has a retaining system. The joint prosthesis system can include an implant, and an alignment guide. The alignment guide can include a post member extending through a central axis of rotation in a prosthesis and a drill guide member having a first limiting member for limiting articular surface removal from a joint. The first limiting member can include a recessed guide for positioning the implant.

Bone and joint surface reconstruction methods are disclosed for the therapeutic amelioration of joint defects caused by various conditions, injuries, and diseases to help eliminate or reduce pain and return the joint to its proper bio-mechanical function without the need to replace fully or partially the anatomical joint. The joint may specifically include mammalian joints such as the humeroradial joint or other joint of the elbow, wrist, or hand, for example. The methods disclosed herein leverage the significant role the subchondral bone plays in the health status of the afflicted joint.