Drug combinations, compositions including pharmaceutical compositions as well as methods of using and treating a viral infection, the drug combinations including (1) protease inhibitors Camostat, Nafamostat, (2) modulators or inhibitors of intracellular steroid hormone receptors signaling pathways (steroid hormone receptor antagonists), (3) modulators or inhibitors of SKP2 protein, (4) modulators of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and (5) angiotensin 2 response modifiers.

Drug combinations, compositions including pharmaceutical compositions as well as methods of using and treating a viral infection, the drug combinations including (1) protease inhibitors Camostat, Nafamostat, (2) modulators or inhibitors of intracellular steroid hormone receptors signaling pathways (steroid hormone receptor antagonists), (3) modulators or inhibitors of SKP2 protein, (4) modulators of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and (5) angiotensin 2 response modifiers.

Drug combinations, compositions including pharmaceutical compositions as well as methods of using and treating a viral infection, the drug combinations including (1) protease inhibitors Camostat, Nafamostat, (2) modulators or inhibitors of intracellular steroid hormone receptors signaling pathways (steroid hormone receptor antagonists), (3) modulators or inhibitors of SKP2 protein, (4) modulators of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and (5) angiotensin 2 response modifiers.

A pharmaceutical or cosmetic carrier for topical administration substantially consists of phosphatidylcholine, monoglyceride, fatty acid ester of C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alcohol; volatile solvent selected from ethanol and its combinations with C.sub.3-C.sub.4 alcohol and/or volatile silicone oil. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions comprising the carrier and pharmaceutically or cosmetically active agent(s).

A pharmaceutical or cosmetic carrier for topical administration substantially consists of phosphatidylcholine, monoglyceride, fatty acid ester of C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alcohol; volatile solvent selected from ethanol and its combinations with C.sub.3-C.sub.4 alcohol and/or volatile silicone oil. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions comprising the carrier and pharmaceutically or cosmetically active agent(s).

The present invention relates to intranasally administered pharmaceutical compositions administered for use in anesthesia. Such pharmaceutical compositions comprise benzyl alcohol. The invention also relates to methods for anesthetizing the maxillary dental arch using these pharmaceutical compositions.

The present invention relates to intranasally administered pharmaceutical compositions administered for use in anesthesia. Such pharmaceutical compositions comprise benzyl alcohol. The invention also relates to methods for anesthetizing the maxillary dental arch using these pharmaceutical compositions.

In view of the health and addiction risks associated with opiates, anesthetic emulsions are described herein comprising eutectic mixtures of local anesthetics. In some embodiments, the anesthetic emulsions release one or more local anesthetics over a period of several days for continuous pain relief. An anesthetic emulsion, in some embodiments, comprises a dispersed phase comprising a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and benzocaine, and an aqueous or aqueous- based continuous phase comprising bupivacaine.

In view of the health and addiction risks associated with opiates, anesthetic emulsions are described herein comprising eutectic mixtures of local anesthetics. In some embodiments, the anesthetic emulsions release one or more local anesthetics over a period of several days for continuous pain relief. An anesthetic emulsion, in some embodiments, comprises a dispersed phase comprising a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and benzocaine, and an aqueous or aqueous- based continuous phase comprising bupivacaine.

In view of the health and addiction risks associated with opiates, anesthetic emulsions are described herein comprising eutectic mixtures of local anesthetics. In some embodiments, the anesthetic emulsions release one or more local anesthetics over a period of several days for continuous pain relief. An anesthetic emulsion, in some embodiments, comprises a dispersed phase comprising a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and benzocaine, and an aqueous or aqueous- based continuous phase comprising bupivacaine.