Disclosed herein are tucaresol derivative compound and composition containing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of enhancing immune response in a subject by administering the tucaresol derivative compound or by co-administering the tucaresol derivative compound and one or more additional agents. Also disclosed herein are use of the tucaresol derivative compound and composition containing the same in the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer or enhancing immune response in a subject.

Disclosed herein are tucaresol derivative compound and composition containing the same. Also disclosed herein are methods of enhancing immune response in a subject by administering the tucaresol derivative compound or by co-administering the tucaresol derivative compound and one or more additional agents. Also disclosed herein are use of the tucaresol derivative compound and composition containing the same in the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer or enhancing immune response in a subject.

Provided herein are compositions comprising ergothioneine (e.g., a natural form of purified L-ergothioneine) and methods of using such compositions, e.g., for improving cell viability, maintaining telomere length, or treating telomere-related disorders. In some embodiments, the ergothioneine has a purity of at least or about 98%.

Provided herein are compositions comprising ergothioneine (e.g., a natural form of purified L-ergothioneine) and methods of using such compositions, e.g., for improving cell viability, maintaining telomere length, or treating telomere-related disorders. In some embodiments, the ergothioneine has a purity of at least or about 98%.

The subject matter described herein is directed to stable L-cysteine compositions for injection, comprising: L-cysteine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or hydrate thereof in an amount from about 10 mg/mL to about 100 mg/mL; Aluminum in an amount from about 1.0 parts per billion (ppb) to about 250 ppb; cysteine in an amount from about 0.01 wt % to about 2 wt % relative to L-cysteine; pyruvic acid in an amount from about 0.01 wt % to about 2 wt % relative to L-cysteine; a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, comprising water; headspace O.sub.2 that is less than 1.0%; dissolved oxygen present in the carrier in an amount from about 0.01 parts per million (ppm) to about 1 ppm, wherein the composition is enclosed in a single-use container having a volume of from 10 mL to 100 mL. Also described are compositions for a total parenteral nutrition regimen and methods for their use.

The subject matter described herein is directed to stable L-cysteine compositions for injection, comprising: L-cysteine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and/or hydrate thereof in an amount from about 10 mg/mL to about 100 mg/mL; Aluminum in an amount from about 1.0 parts per billion (ppb) to about 250 ppb; cysteine in an amount from about 0.01 wt % to about 2 wt % relative to L-cysteine; pyruvic acid in an amount from about 0.01 wt % to about 2 wt % relative to L-cysteine; a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, comprising water; headspace O.sub.2 that is less than 1.0%; dissolved oxygen present in the carrier in an amount from about 0.01 parts per million (ppm) to about 1 ppm, wherein the composition is enclosed in a single-use container having a volume of from 10 mL to 100 mL. Also described are compositions for a total parenteral nutrition regimen and methods for their use.

An object of the present invention is to provide a simple method of producing ergothioneine. The present invention provides a method of producing ergothioneine comprising a step of culturing a microbe belonging to the genus Moniliella in a medium containing a carbon source to allow the microbe to produce ergothioneine.

An object of the present invention is to provide a simple method of producing ergothioneine. The present invention provides a method of producing ergothioneine comprising a step of culturing a microbe belonging to the genus Moniliella in a medium containing a carbon source to allow the microbe to produce ergothioneine.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for maintaining and/or increasing vitamin C in a cell or organism. The methods and compositions are based, in part, on the synergistic effect of ergothioneine, or a derivative thereof, on vitamin C levels in cells or organisms.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for maintaining and/or increasing vitamin C in a cell or organism. The methods and compositions are based, in part, on the synergistic effect of ergothioneine, or a derivative thereof, on vitamin C levels in cells or organisms.