Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I′), methods of using the compounds as immunomodulators, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. The compounds inhibit PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and are useful in treating, preventing or ameliorating diseases or disorders such as cancer or infections.

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Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I′), methods of using the compounds as immunomodulators, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. The compounds inhibit PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and are useful in treating, preventing or ameliorating diseases or disorders such as cancer or infections.

##STR00001##

The invention provides compositions, formulations, and methods for treatment of malignancies via activation of an inflammatory response in the subject. Such compositions, formulations, and methods for are preferably used in conjunction with other therapies for the treatment and/or management of malignancies, e.g., chemotherapy and/or radiation. The invention also provides methods of monitoring immune activation in subjects with malignancies.

The invention provides compositions, formulations, and methods for treatment of malignancies via activation of an inflammatory response in the subject. Such compositions, formulations, and methods for are preferably used in conjunction with other therapies for the treatment and/or management of malignancies, e.g., chemotherapy and/or radiation. The invention also provides methods of monitoring immune activation in subjects with malignancies.

Disclosed are compounds of Formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V): ##STR00001##
and/or a salt thereof, wherein R.sub.1 is —OH or —OP(O)(OH).sub.2, and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.c are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P.sub.1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.

Disclosed are compounds of Formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V): ##STR00001##
and/or a salt thereof, wherein R.sub.1 is —OH or —OP(O)(OH).sub.2, and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.c are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P.sub.1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.

Provided herein are thiazolidinedione analogues that are useful for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), diabetes, and other metabolic inflammation-mediated disease and disorders. Further, provided herein are non-invasive methods and systems for assessing a subject's risk of having NASH. Moreover, provided herein are non-invasive methods and systems for evaluating whether a treatment of NASH is effective.

Provided herein are thiazolidinedione analogues that are useful for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), diabetes, and other metabolic inflammation-mediated disease and disorders. Further, provided herein are non-invasive methods and systems for assessing a subject's risk of having NASH. Moreover, provided herein are non-invasive methods and systems for evaluating whether a treatment of NASH is effective.

The disclosure relates to methods and compositions to treat an eosinophilic disease or disorder. More particularly, the disclosure provides methods and compositions for treating eosinophilic esophagitis.

The disclosure relates to methods and compositions to treat an eosinophilic disease or disorder. More particularly, the disclosure provides methods and compositions for treating eosinophilic esophagitis.