Provided herein are small molecule activators of Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), compositions comprising the compounds, and methods of using the compounds and compositions.

The present invention provides a crystal of 6-arylamino pyridone carboxamide compound and a preparation method thereof. The crystal is obtained by dissolving 6-(2-chloro-4-iodophenylamino)-N-(2-hydroxylethyoxyl)-5-methyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrofuro[3,2-c]pyridin-7-carboxamide in an aprotic polar solvent and adding a second solvent thereto. The crystallization method has the advantage of simple and convenient operations, and is beneficial to an industrial production. The resulting crystal has the advantage a high purity and good stability, and is benefit to the manufacture and storage of a medicament containing the same.

The present invention aims to provide a compound that may be useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of constipation and the like. The present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each symbol is as described in the specification, or a salt thereof.

The present invention aims to provide a compound that may be useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of constipation and the like. The present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein each symbol is as described in the specification, or a salt thereof.

This invention relates to novel analogs of the DNA-alkylating agent CC-1065 and to their conjugates. Furthermore this invention concerns intermediates for the preparation of said agents and conjugates. The conjugates are designed to release their (multiple) payload after one or more activation steps and/or at a rate and time span controlled by the conjugate in order to selectively deliver and/or controllably release one or more of said DNA alkylating agents. The agents, conjugates, and intermediates can be used to treat an illness that is characterized by undesired (cell) proliferation. As an example, the agents and the conjugates of this invention may be used to treat a tumor.

This invention relates to novel analogs of the DNA-alkylating agent CC-1065 and to their conjugates. Furthermore this invention concerns intermediates for the preparation of said agents and conjugates. The conjugates are designed to release their (multiple) payload after one or more activation steps and/or at a rate and time span controlled by the conjugate in order to selectively deliver and/or controllably release one or more of said DNA alkylating agents. The agents, conjugates, and intermediates can be used to treat an illness that is characterized by undesired (cell) proliferation. As an example, the agents and the conjugates of this invention may be used to treat a tumor.

The present application provides novel inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 and/or indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 and/or tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof. Also provided are methods for preparing these compounds. A therapeutically effective amount of one or more of the compounds of formula (I) is useful in treating diseases resulting from dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway. Compounds of formula (I) act by inhibiting the enzymatic activity or expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 and/or indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 and/or tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase.

The present application provides novel inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 and/or indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 and/or tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof. Also provided are methods for preparing these compounds. A therapeutically effective amount of one or more of the compounds of formula (I) is useful in treating diseases resulting from dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway. Compounds of formula (I) act by inhibiting the enzymatic activity or expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 and/or indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2 and/or tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase.

The invention provides methods of treating or preventing malaria comprising administering to an animal an effective amount of a compound of formula I:
Q-Y—R.sup.1—R.sup.2  (I),
wherein Q, Y, R.sup.1, and R.sup.2 are as described herein. Methods of inhibiting a plasmodial surface anion channel of a parasite in an animal are also provided. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound represented by formula I in combination with any one or more compounds represented by formulas II, V, and VI. Use of the pharmaceutical compositions for treating or preventing malaria or for inhibiting a plasmodial surface anion channel in animals including humans are also provided. Also provided by the invention are clag3 amino acid sequences and related nucleic acids, vectors, host cells, populations of cells, antibodies, and pharmaceutical compositions.

The invention provides methods of treating or preventing malaria comprising administering to an animal an effective amount of a compound of formula I:
Q-Y—R.sup.1—R.sup.2  (I),
wherein Q, Y, R.sup.1, and R.sup.2 are as described herein. Methods of inhibiting a plasmodial surface anion channel of a parasite in an animal are also provided. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound represented by formula I in combination with any one or more compounds represented by formulas II, V, and VI. Use of the pharmaceutical compositions for treating or preventing malaria or for inhibiting a plasmodial surface anion channel in animals including humans are also provided. Also provided by the invention are clag3 amino acid sequences and related nucleic acids, vectors, host cells, populations of cells, antibodies, and pharmaceutical compositions.