The present disclosure generally relates to compounds class I HDAC inhibitors, their production and applications. The compounds possess epigenetic immunomodulatory activities in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and thus inhibit growth of tumor cells.

The present disclosure generally relates to compounds class I HDAC inhibitors, their production and applications. The compounds possess epigenetic immunomodulatory activities in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and thus inhibit growth of tumor cells.

The invention relates to compounds having antiviral and methods utilizing the compounds to treat viral infections.

The invention relates to compounds having antiviral and methods utilizing the compounds to treat viral infections.

A medicinal agent for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases caused by EP.sub.4 receptor activation is disclosed. A compound having antagonistic activity against the EP.sub.4 receptor is contained as an active ingredient in the medicinal agent. The compound represented by the following general formula (I) as defined in the specification, a salt, an N-oxide, or a solvate thereof, or a prodrug of these is useful as a medicinal component having antagonistic activity against the EP.sub.4 receptor for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases caused by EP.sub.4 receptor activation. ##STR00001##

A medicinal agent for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases caused by EP.sub.4 receptor activation is disclosed. A compound having antagonistic activity against the EP.sub.4 receptor is contained as an active ingredient in the medicinal agent. The compound represented by the following general formula (I) as defined in the specification, a salt, an N-oxide, or a solvate thereof, or a prodrug of these is useful as a medicinal component having antagonistic activity against the EP.sub.4 receptor for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases caused by EP.sub.4 receptor activation. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a method of treating cancer in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject at least one nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor, thereby treating the cancer, wherein protein phosphatase Mg.sup.2+/Mn.sup.2+ dependent 1D (PPM1D) is elevated in the cancer.

The present invention provides a method of treating cancer in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject at least one nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor, thereby treating the cancer, wherein protein phosphatase Mg.sup.2+/Mn.sup.2+ dependent 1D (PPM1D) is elevated in the cancer.

The present invention provides a method of treating cancer in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject at least one nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor, thereby treating the cancer, wherein protein phosphatase Mg.sup.2+/Mn.sup.2+ dependent 1D (PPM1D) is elevated in the cancer.

The disclosure provides in one aspect a method of treating, ameliorating, and/or preventing toxicity caused by a ribosome inactivating protein (RIP) in a subject. In certain embodiments, the method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one compound of the disclosure.