The present invention relates to the preventive and therapeutic uses of acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors (FIASMAs) such as psychotropic medications and non-psychotropic compounds having FIASMA activity, for lowering the risk of death and/or intubation in patient suffering from a viral infection caused by at least one betacoronavirus, in particular by the SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) through reduced cell and blood concentration of ceramides.

Disclosed are methods and compositions for treating ore preventing a STAT5-mediated medical condition, e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, in a subject by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound, the compound being a STAT5 inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the STAT5 inhibitor, or a solvate of the STAT5 inhibitor, or a prodrug of the STAT5 inhibitor. In one example, the compound used in the methods and compositions is pimozide. In another example, the compound used in the methods and compositions is nicotinohydrazide.

Pharmaceutical compositions for treating acne, photoaging, and uneven pigmentation comprising three distinct pharmaceutical ingredients are described. Methods for the treatment of acne, photoaging, and uneven pigmentation using the compositions are also described.

Pharmaceutical compositions for treating acne, photoaging, and uneven pigmentation comprising three distinct pharmaceutical ingredients are described. Methods for the treatment of acne, photoaging, and uneven pigmentation using the compositions are also described.

Methods of treatment for menstrual complications, gestational complications, and to prolong gestation are described. Treatments include administration of a compound related to regulation of gestational progress or uterine contractions.

Methods of treatment for menstrual complications, gestational complications, and to prolong gestation are described. Treatments include administration of a compound related to regulation of gestational progress or uterine contractions.

The present invention provides a novel use of a compound having a plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) inhibitory effect. Specifically, a compound having a PAI-1 inhibitory effect is used as an intranostimulator, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, an inhibitor for exacerbation of tumor cells caused by PD-L1, or an enhancer of immunotherapy for tumors, based on the inhibitory effect of the compound on expression induction of immune checkpoint molecules.

The present invention provides a novel use of a compound having a plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) inhibitory effect. Specifically, a compound having a PAI-1 inhibitory effect is used as an intranostimulator, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, an inhibitor for exacerbation of tumor cells caused by PD-L1, or an enhancer of immunotherapy for tumors, based on the inhibitory effect of the compound on expression induction of immune checkpoint molecules.

Disclosed are compounds of Formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V):

##STR00001##

and/or a salt thereof, wherein R.sub.1 is —OH or —OP(O)(OH).sub.2, and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.c are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P.sub.1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.

Disclosed are compounds of Formulas (I), (II), (III), (IV), and (V):

##STR00001##

and/or a salt thereof, wherein R.sub.1 is —OH or —OP(O)(OH).sub.2, and X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3, R.sub.2, R.sub.2a, R.sub.a, R.sub.b, and R.sub.c are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as selective agonists for G protein-coupled receptor S1P.sub.1, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as autoimmune diseases and vascular disease.