Treatments for synucleinopathy including Parkinson's Disease (PD), Multiple System Atrophy (MSA), and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) are largely unavailable. The invention provides methods for treating, preventing, inhibiting, and reversing synucleinopathy by attenuating MSH activity, decreasing MSH expression, or by modulating MSH engagement with its receptor by utilizing antagonists. Furthermore, the inventor has provided a method for producing a synucleinopathy animal model for screening treatments and for studying synuclein disease pathology.

The invention provides a method for combating biofilm, said method comprising contacting a biofilm with a composition comprising effective amounts of one or more biofilm degrading enzymes in combination with antimicrobial agents or antimicrobial essential oils. The biofilm may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In a preferred aspect the invention provides a composition and method for use in the treatment or prevention of a biofilm infection in a subject, particularly in the oral cavity.

The invention provides a method for combating biofilm, said method comprising contacting a biofilm with a composition comprising effective amounts of one or more biofilm degrading enzymes in combination with antimicrobial agents or antimicrobial essential oils. The biofilm may be on an animate or inanimate surface and both medical and non-medical uses and methods are provided. In a preferred aspect the invention provides a composition and method for use in the treatment or prevention of a biofilm infection in a subject, particularly in the oral cavity.

Provided herein are agents, compositions, and methods useful for animal health, e.g., for altering the level, activity, or metabolism of one or more microorganisms resident in a host insect (e.g., arthropod, e.g., insect, e.g., pathogen vector), the alteration resulting in a decrease in the fitness of the host. The invention features a composition that includes an agent (e.g., phage, peptide, small molecule, antibiotic, or combinations thereof) that can alter the host's microbiota in a manner that is detrimental to the host. By disrupting microbial levels, microbial activity, microbial metabolism, or microbial diversity, the agents described herein may be used to decrease the fitness of a variety of insects that carry vector-borne pathogens that cause disease in animals.

A kit and methods for diagnosing and treating a dry eye disease or other ocular disease are provided, which include determining whether a reduced level of a histatin is present in a biological fluid sample from a subject.

Methods of treating cancer, such as breast cancer or colorectal cancer, in a subject are provided. The methods include administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a chicken cathelicidin, such as cathelicidin-1, cathelicidin-2, or cathelicidin-3. Methods of inhibiting the growth of cancer cells are also provided.

The present invention relates to a novel use of a peptide for inhibiting the functions and expressions of multiple disease biomarkers, and more specifically, to a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing inflammation, metabolic diseases or fibrotic diseases, the composition comprising, as an active ingredient, any one or more peptide among peptides which are represented by the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 8, and which, for histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5), GDF15 and ATF3 which are biomarkers associated with inflammation, metabolic diseases or fibrotic diseases, have the functions of inhibiting HDAC5 phosphorylation, inhibiting the expression of the GDF15 protein and inhibiting the expression of the ATF3 protein. The peptide, according to the present invention, enables the triple-blocking of the biomarkers associated with inflammation, metabolic diseases or fibrotic diseases by inhibiting HDAC phosphorylation, inhibiting the expression of the GDF15 protein and inhibiting the expression of the ATF3 protein, and thus the production of inflammatory cytokine may be reduced, and thus the peptide is effective in preventing and treating inflammatory, metabolic or fibrotic diseases.

Physiological saline solutions (PSS) and methods for making and using same are disclosed relating to extracorporeal fetal care. In one aspect, disclosed herein is a PSS comprising: an aqueous solvent; from about 1.0 mM to about 2.0 mM calcium chloride; from about 3.0 mM to about 5.0 mM potassium chloride; from about 15.0 mM to about 20 mM sodium bicarbonate; from about 90 mM to about 110 mM sodium chloride; and from about 9 to about 13 mM sodium acetate; and optionally at least one buffering agent wherein the solution has a pH ranging from about 7.0 to about 7.4. In this or other aspects the solution has an osmolarity ranging from about 250 to about 270 mOsm.

Physiological saline solutions (PSS) and methods for making and using same are disclosed relating to extracorporeal fetal care. In one aspect, disclosed herein is a PSS comprising: an aqueous solvent; from about 1.0 mM to about 2.0 mM calcium chloride; from about 3.0 mM to about 5.0 mM potassium chloride; from about 15.0 mM to about 20 mM sodium bicarbonate; from about 90 mM to about 110 mM sodium chloride; and from about 9 to about 13 mM sodium acetate; and optionally at least one buffering agent wherein the solution has a pH ranging from about 7.0 to about 7.4. In this or other aspects the solution has an osmolarity ranging from about 250 to about 270 mOsm.

A method for treatment of Type-1 diabetes includes the steps of administering manganin II peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID 1 and administering recombinant human growth hormone.