The invention is directed to an isolated population of mammal cells comprising about 75% or higher B-1a regula e PBS-treated tory cells expressing the cell surface inhibitory receptors lympho-cyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and secreting interleukin-27 (IL-27). The invention is also directed to methods of preparing and using the cell population to suppress the immune system and/or to treat or prevent diseases.

The invention is directed to an isolated population of mammal cells comprising about 75% or higher B-1a regula e PBS-treated tory cells expressing the cell surface inhibitory receptors lympho-cyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and secreting interleukin-27 (IL-27). The invention is also directed to methods of preparing and using the cell population to suppress the immune system and/or to treat or prevent diseases.

The present invention relates to a hair growth-inducing ability enhancing effect of adipose stem cells obtained by performing treatment with udenafil and performing culture, and provides a composition for preventing or treating alopecia, or promoting hair growth, comprising, as an active ingredient, adipose stem cells obtained by performing treatment with udenafil and performing culture, IL-4, or IL-12B. In a case where a culture medium of adipose stem cells is treated with udenafil and cultured, IL-4 and IL-12B expression levels are increased in the adipose stem cells, and thus maturation of hair follicle cells is further promoted, so that hair growth can be induced. In addition, in a case where IL-4 and IL-12B, which are expressed in the adipose stem cells obtained by performing treatment with udenafil and performing culture, are applied to skin tissue, hair growth can be induced.

The disclosure features methods for treating cancer, including solid tumors and disseminated cancers such as myeloid malignancies, using one or more mRNAs encoding an OX40L polypeptide, an IL-12 polypeptide, an IL-15 polypeptide, and combinations thereof.

The disclosure features methods for treating cancer, including solid tumors and disseminated cancers such as myeloid malignancies, using one or more mRNAs encoding an OX40L polypeptide, an IL-12 polypeptide, an IL-15 polypeptide, and combinations thereof.

The present invention provides, among other things, a method of treating cancer comprising administering a GM-CSF antagonist to the patient in need of treatment, wherein the administration of the GM-CSF antagonist results in inhibition of an immunosuppressive activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The present invention also provides, among other things, a method of inhibiting immunosuppressive activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in a patient suffering from cancer comprising administering a GM-CSF antagonist to the patient.

Embodiments of the disclosure encompass compositions comprising immune effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, where the cells comprise one or more exogenously provided interleukins (IL), and wherein the cell optionally comprises one or more engineered receptors. In specific embodiments, the IL is not IL-15, and is IL-12, IL-21, or both. The NK cells may be utilized for treatment of cancer of any kind, including at least glioblastoma.

The present disclosure provides tumor-specific cleavable linkers and their use in drugs and prodrugs for delivering therapeutics to a tumor cell environment. The present disclosure also provides cleavage products of said drugs and prodrugs, and methods related to the use of the same.

Provided herein are methods of treating brain cancer in a subject, comprising evaluating one or more biological samples from a subject who has brain cancer for the presence of a miRNAs and administering interleukin-12 (IL-12); an immunogenic composition of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), Wilms Tumor-1 (WT-1), and prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA); and an anti-programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) antibody to said subject if the subject has an increased expression level of the mIR-331-3p miRNA or isomiRs thereof and the miR-1537-3p miRNA or isomiRs thereof relative to a control population of subjects. Also provided herein are methods of treating brain cancer in a subject, comprising measuring an expression level of at least one mRNA biomarker selected from SYNGR3, OTX1, GABBR2, LHX1, CADM3, MLLT11, MNX1, GRB14, SLC34A2, PHYHIP, WNT10B, SLC17A6, CRLF1, HOXD13, TGFβR3, UBA7, SFRP4, or any combination thereof, in a tumor sample from a subject and administering IL-12; an immunogenic composition hTERT, WT-1, and PSMA; and an anti-PD-1 antibody to said subject if the expression level of SYNGR3, OTX1, GABBR2, LHX1, CADM3, MLLT11, MNX1, GRB14, SLC34A2, PHYHIP, WNT10B, SLC17A6, CRLF1 and HOXD13 is decreased or if the expression level of TGFβR3, UBA7, SFRP4 is increased.

Provided herein are methods of treating brain cancer in a subject, comprising evaluating one or more biological samples from a subject who has brain cancer for the presence of a miRNAs and administering interleukin-12 (IL-12); an immunogenic composition of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), Wilms Tumor-1 (WT-1), and prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA); and an anti-programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) antibody to said subject if the subject has an increased expression level of the mIR-331-3p miRNA or isomiRs thereof and the miR-1537-3p miRNA or isomiRs thereof relative to a control population of subjects. Also provided herein are methods of treating brain cancer in a subject, comprising measuring an expression level of at least one mRNA biomarker selected from SYNGR3, OTX1, GABBR2, LHX1, CADM3, MLLT11, MNX1, GRB14, SLC34A2, PHYHIP, WNT10B, SLC17A6, CRLF1, HOXD13, TGFβR3, UBA7, SFRP4, or any combination thereof, in a tumor sample from a subject and administering IL-12; an immunogenic composition hTERT, WT-1, and PSMA; and an anti-PD-1 antibody to said subject if the expression level of SYNGR3, OTX1, GABBR2, LHX1, CADM3, MLLT11, MNX1, GRB14, SLC34A2, PHYHIP, WNT10B, SLC17A6, CRLF1 and HOXD13 is decreased or if the expression level of TGFβR3, UBA7, SFRP4 is increased.