A method for determining a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a patient includes administering to said patient a compound of Formula I and transdermally measuring spectral energy emitted by the compound of Formula I over a measurement time window. The spectral energy is emitted by the compound of Formula I in response to electromagnetic radiation delivered to the compound of Formula I. The method also includes determining the GFR in said patient based on the measured spectral energy emitted by the compound of Formula I over the measurement time window by fitting an exponential function to the spectral energy as a function of time or a linear function to the log of the spectral energy as a function of time to calculate a rate constant associated with renal clearance over the measurement time window and directly related to the GFR normalized to a body size metric of the patient.

Systems and methods are provided for locating anatomical features in the skin based on analysis of reflected light, and treating the located anatomical features using high-energy light. A labeling agent can be administered to optically differentiate the anatomical feature.

The present subject matter relates to a non-invasive optical imaging method for monitoring early pathological events specific to Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as the development, amount and location of amyloid plaques. The ability to monitor such events provides a basis for, among other things, AD diagnosis, prognosis and assessment of potential therapies. In addition, the present subject matter introduces novel methods for treating AD and retinal ailments associated with AD. Aβ-plaque detection in living brains is extremely limited, especially at high resolution; therefore the present invention is based on studies focusing on the eyes as an alternative to brain-derived tissue that can be imaged directly, repetitively and non-invasively.

The problem to be solved is to provide an anti-human MUC1 antibody Fab fragment that is expected to be useful in the diagnosis and/or treatment of a cancer, particularly, the diagnosis and/or treatment of breast cancer or bladder cancer, and a diagnosis approach and/or a treatment approach using a conjugate comprising the Fab fragment. The solution is an anti-human MUC1 antibody Fab fragment comprising a heavy chain fragment comprising a heavy chain variable region consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 8 or 10, and a light chain comprising a light chain variable region consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 12, and a conjugate comprising the Fab fragment.

An ophthalmic composition comprising Indigo Carmine, or Indigo Carmine and Trypan Blue, for identification of intraocular structures and membranes within the eye, and methods of delivering and using the same, for surgical treatments of the eye, including glaucoma and cataract surgery.

Embodiments of the synthesis, radiolabeling and biological applications of an activatable tracer that undergoes intramolecular cyclization and aggregation upon activation by cleavage of a blocking moiety are provided. The probes of the disclosure allow for target-controlled self-assembly of small molecules in living subjects for imaging and drug delivery. The aggregated nanoprobes of the disclosure may be detectable optically, by PET detection, magnetic resonance imaging, and the like depending on the detectable reporter attached to the nanoprobe.

A tissue-targeting complex is described that comprises at least one targeting element [A-L-Q.sup.+-Alk B-] in which A is an amino-containing anchor element, L a linker, Q.sup.+ a quaternary ammonium group, B.sup.- an ophthalmologically acceptable counterion, and Alk an alkyl chain having 4 to 12 carbon atoms; at least one chromophore, and optionally a carrier molecule.

Disclosed are multivalent, integrin-receptor antagonists that are useful in a variety of therapeutic, prophylactic, and/or diagnostic imaging modalities. In illustrative embodiments, such compounds have been prepared and utilized in the imaging, detection, localization, and/or quantitation of one or more samples of biological interest. Similarly, these compounds, as well as formulations comprising them, find utility in the prevention, treatment, and/or amelioration of one or more symptoms of a disease, abnormal condition, dysfunction, etc., including, for example proliferative diseases such as cancer in affected animals. In certain embodiments, fluorescently- or radio-labeled-non-peptidic, multivalent integrin α.sub.vβ.sub.3 compounds are provided. Compositions including such compounds have been shown to have utility in detecting, localizing, quantitating, and/or imaging integrin α.sub.vβ.sub.3 receptor-expressing cells, including, for example, cancer cells in vitro, in vivo, and/or in situ.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for determining the renal glomerular filtration rate or assessing the renal function in a patient in need thereof. The system includes a computing device, a power supply, one or more sensors, and at least one tracer agent that fluoresces when exposed to electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic radiation is detected using the sensors, and the rate in which the fluorescence decreases in the patient is used to calculate the renal glomerular filtration rate in the patient.

Carbamate and beta-amino acid urea-based scaffolds that have high binding affinity to PSMA are disclosed. These scaffolds can be radiolabeled and used for imaging cells and tumors that express PSMA or for cancer radiotherapy. These compounds also can comprise a fluorescent dye and be used for imaging cells and tumors that express PSMA or for photodynamic therapy.