Compositions and methods for visualizing tissue under illumination with near-infrared radiation, including compounds comprising near-infrared, closed chain, sulfo-cyanine dyes and prostate specific membrane antigen ligands are disclosed.

This invention relates to water-soluble mono-alkoxy and mono-alkyne BODIPY derivatives, including methods for making the same. For examples, provided herein are compounds of Formula (I): ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: ##STR00002##
is a BODIPY ligand system; X is a halogen; L is absent or a linker; and Z is selected from the group consisting of: a group reactive with a biologically active molecule and a detectable agent.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for destroying target cells in a patient using photodynamic therapy. In particular, the present invention provides a photosensitizing agent based on a small molecular weight (<50 kDa) protein or peptide or a small molecule that is conjugated to a phthalocyanine dye, such as IRDye 700DX.

A method for removing or controlling or quantifying the presence of aldehydes, in particular acetaldehyde, is described. Such a method is useful in prolonging the shelf life of a pharmaceutical product.

Disclosed are P2X7 receptor ligands having the formula (I):

##STR00001##

in which R=(CH.sub.2).sub.n(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.mO.sub.l(CH.sub.2).sub.pX, l=0-1, m=0-6, n=2-3, p=0-2, and X=Br, Cl, F or .sup.18F. In illustrative embodiments, R=(CH.sub.2).sub.n, and n=2-3. The receptor ligands are used in methods related to conditions related to the P2X7 receptor. The non-radioligands are useful for modulating inflammation conditions associated with the P2X7 receptor. The radioligands, containing .sup.18F, are useful for as radiotracers in imaging processes, and thus for the detection and evaluation of inflammation and therapies. Also provided are processes for preparation of these P2X7 receptor ligands.

Methods of preparing fluorinated compounds by carboxylative fluorination using fluoride are contained herein. Fluorinated compounds are provided. Methods of using fluorinated compounds are contained herein.

Compositions and methods for visualizing tissue under illumination with near-infrared radiation, including compounds comprising near-infrared, closed chain, sulfo-cyanine dyes and prostate specific membrane antigen ligands are disclosed.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for destroying target cells in a patient using photodynamic therapy. In particular, the present invention provides a photosensitizing agent based on a small molecular weight (<50 kDa) protein or peptide or a small molecule that is conjugated to a phthalocyanine dye, such as IRDye 700DX.

The invention relates to a family of compounds that comprise fluorescent cyanine dyes. The compounds are near infrared absorbing heptamethine cyanine dyes with a 4,4-disubstituted cyclohexyl ring as part of the polymethine chromophore. The compounds are generally hydrophilic and can be chemically linked to biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and therapeutic small molecules. The compounds can be used for imaging in a variety of medical, biological and diagnostic applications.

Compounds that inhibit histone (HDACI) and/or activate Nrf2 and HIF, and compositions containing the same are disclosed. Methods of treating diseases and conditions wherein inhibition of HDAC and/or activation of Nrf2 and HIF provide a benefit, like a cancer, a neurodegenerative disorder, a peripheral neuropathy, a neurological disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke, hypertension, malaria, an autoimmune disease, autism, autism spectrum disorders, and inflammation, also are disclosed.