An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood (1) comprising a treatment unit, a blood withdrawal line, a blood return line, a preparation line and a spent dialysate line. A control unit (10) is configured to calculate values of a parameter relating to treatment effectiveness based on measures of the conductivity in the spent dialysate line. An upstream variation of the value of the characteristic (Cd.sub.in) is caused in the fresh treatment liquid with respect to a prescription baseline (Cd.sub.set) thereby causing a corresponding and timely delayed downstream variation of the same characteristic (Cd.sub.out) in the spent liquid flowing in the spent dialysate line (13). An amplitude (ΔC.sub.in) and/or a duration over time (ΔT) of the upstream variation are/is computed as a function of the flow rate (Qdial) of the fresh treatment liquid in a preparation line (19) or of the parameter correlated to the flow rate (Qdial).

A concentrated spent dialysate is produced for by reducing electrolytes in a spent dialysate by electrodialysis and de-watering the spent dialysate by a forward osmosis operation.

A hemodialysis treatment apparatus has an ultrafiltration unit for exchange of solutes of a patient's blood plasma and a dialysate, resulting in a stream of cleaned blood for returning to the patient and a stream of spent dialysate. An electrodialysis device reduces electrolytes in the spent dialysate. A forward osmosis unit with a membrane having a feed side and a draw side that is allows only water to permeate. A stream of spent dialysate from the ultrafiltration unit is in fluid communication with the feed side and a stream of concentrated dialysate is in fluid communication with the draw side. A stream of dialysate results. Blood plasma is pumped from the patient to the ultrafiltration unit.

The current invention relates to a peritoneal dialysis filter device, which comprises a housing comprising a first port and a second port, and a hollow fibre membrane formed from hollow hydrophilic fibres within the housing. When in use, a dialysate from a subject enters the filter device through the first port and exits via the second port in an outflow direction, and a regenerated dialysate from a sorbent system enters the filter device through the second port and exits via the first port in an inflow direction. Also disclosed herein is a peritoneal dialysis system comprising said filter device, a method for controlling dialysate flow in a peritoneal dialysis system, and a haemodialysis device.

Certain disclosed embodiments concern systems and methods of preparing dialysate for use in a home dialysis system that is compact and light-weight relative to existing systems and consumes relatively low amounts of energy. The method includes coupling a household water stream to a dialysis system; filtering the water stream; heating the water stream to at least about 138 degrees Celsius in a non-batch process to produce a heated water stream; maintaining the heated water stream at or above at least about 138 degrees Celsius for at least about two seconds; cooling the heated water stream to produce a cooled water stream; ultrafiltering the cooled water stream; and mixing dialysate components into the cooled water stream in a non-batch process.

A method of preserving a sorbent device of a dialysis system, the method comprising—after administering a first dialysis treatment at the dialysis system and before administering a second dialysis treatment at the dialysis system—circulating a fluid through the sorbent device to prevent matter within the sorbent device from solidifying and circulating the fluid through a filter coupled to an outlet of the sorbent device to remove contaminants from the fluid.

A treatment device system includes a treatment machine for performing a therapy on a patient, the treatment machine including at least one fluid conveyor and a controller, the controller having a first memory, to cause the at least one fluid conveyor to produce a therapeutic fluid by mixing purified water and at least one concentrate. The system also includes and a water purifier in fluid communication with and providing the purified water to the treatment machine. A wired or wireless control line provides two way communication between the controller of the treatment machine and the internal central controller of the water purifier, wherein the controller of the treatment machine transmits data via the control line to the internal central controller of the water purifier for control of the water purifier, the data provided based on at least one of the operator inputs received via the user interface.

A medicament preparation system includes a disposable cartridge with a flow path. Various sensors may be placed on the cartridge to measure qualities of the fluid flowing through the flow path. The sensors are placed in precise locations using various approaches that make manufacturing of the cartridge efficient and repeatable. A drain line that is susceptible to fouling may be preattached and various approaches are used to remove or reduce the fouling. An elastomeric contact can also be present in the medical preparation system and used in a conductivity measurement subsystem.

Dialysis systems and methods are described which can include a number of features. The dialysis systems described can be to provide dialysis therapy to a patient in the comfort of their own home. The dialysis system can be configured to prepare purified water from a tap water source in real-time that is used for creating a dialysate solution. The dialysis systems described also include features that make it easy for a patient to self-administer therapy. For example, the dialysis systems include disposable cartridge and patient tubing sets that are easily installed on the dialysis system and automatically align the tubing set, sensors, venous drip chamber, and other features with the corresponding components on the dialysis system. Methods of use are also provided, including automated priming sequences, blood return sequences, and dynamic balancing methods for controlling a rate of fluid transfer during different types of dialysis, including hemodialysis, ultrafiltration, and hemodiafiltration.

A system for filling multiple sterile containers includes a filter with an inlet port and multiple outlet ports, the outlet ports being pre-attached to sterile containers by respective filling lines of each container. Each container has an interior and each of the respective filling lines are connected to a respective container interior. The respective filling lines are sealed to the outlet ports and the containers such that the container interiors are isolated from an external environment except the inlet port, via the filter, forming a combined interior volume which is sterile. A container that is connectable to an outlet port the system has a bladder, a first tube and a second tube connected to the bladder, and a sterilizing filter. The container, the first tube and the second tube, and the sterilizing filter are sterile before water is flowed through the sterilizing filter into the bladder.

A water purification apparatus (300) capable of being cleaned at a point of care, and methods for cleaning the water purification apparatus (300) at the point of care. The water purification apparatus (300) and the methods provide an efficient use of a heater (302) for heat disinfection the water purification apparatus (300), e.g. by recirculating heated fluid to further heat the fluid. Several different cleaning programs are provided that may be utilized for cleaning different parts of the water purification apparatus (300).