Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

The present invention relates to a blood treatment cassette having a cassette body, embodied as a hard part, and a film, wherein the film is connected with the hard part and covers the hard part at least partially, wherein the hard part comprises at least one valve seat or valve section or one valve base of a valve, wherein the valve is embodied to take, in addition to a first, open position of the valve in which the valve base and the section of the film positioned above it do not touch each other, a second, closed position of the valve when applying force on the section of the film and wherein the valve base, in its longitudinal extension, comprises or is a non-straight section. The present invention also relates to a blood treatment apparatus connected with a blood treatment cassette.

A dialysis fluid system includes a dialysis fluid inlet; a dialysis fluid outlet; a pump positioned and arranged to pump dialysis fluid through the dialysis fluid inlet and the dialysis fluid outlet; and an inductive heater located between the dialysis fluid inlet and the dialysis fluid outlet, the inductive heater including a fluid flowpath positioned and arranged to receive non-heated dialysis fluid from the dialysis fluid inlet and to output heated dialysis fluid to the a dialysis fluid outlet, a conductive heater element located within the fluid flowpath so as to be or act as a secondary coil of a transformer, and a primary coil of the transformer located outside of the fluid flowpath and positioned so as to magnetically induce a current into the conductive heater element, causing the conductive heater element and surrounding fluid to heat.

A blood treatment cassette having a cassette body, designed as a hard part, and a film, wherein the film is connected with the hard part and covers the hard part at least partially, wherein the hard part comprises at least one valve base of a valve and wherein the valve is embodied to take, in addition to a first, open position of the valve in which the valve base and the section of the film that is arranged above it do not touch each other, a second, closed position of the valve when applying force on the section of the film in which the valve base and the section of the film touch each other.

A blood treatment cassette having a cassette body comprising a hard part and a film that at least partially covers the hard part. The hard part comprises a valve base that cooperates with a section of the film adjacent the valve base to form a valve that is configured to be moved from a first open position in which the valve base and the section of the film do not touch each other to a second position in which the valve base and the section of the film touch each other when a force is applied to the section of the film. The blood treatment cassette comprises a spacer supported by the hard part, and the spacer is configured to apply, in the first position of the valve, force to the section of the film.

An object is to ensure the connection quality of a pressure measuring device and achieve highly accurate pressure measurement so that fluid flow can be adjusted with high reliability. A pressure measuring device measures pressure in a measurement target which is a circuit chamber that is attached and detached, and includes a connection tube placed to allow communication of gas with the circuit chamber, a coupling flow channel 131 of a joint 13 to which an output port 117 of the circuit chamber is connected to establish a communication state, a pressure sensor that measures pressure in a pressure space S2 of the circuit chamber and the connection tube in the communication state with the output port being connected to the coupling flow channel, a pressure increasing pump that increases pressure in the connection tube, and a controller that drives the pressure increasing pump at a timing at which an O-ring 132 in the coupling flow channel to be brought into airtight contact with the output port is away therefrom. In the coupling flow channel, the O-ring is disposed at a location onto which air is blown by the pressure increasing pump in a non-communication state where the coupling flow channel is away from the output port.

A system and method for balancing flows of renal replacement fluid is disclosed. The method uses pressure controls and pressure sensing devices to more precisely meter and balance the flow of fresh dialysate and spent dialysate. The balancing system may use one or two balancing devices, such as a balance tube, a tortuous path, or a balance chamber.

A dialysis machine that includes a valve member having a deformable area configured to deform outwardly away when pressurized fluid is introduced into the valve member. The valve member is configured so that, when a dialysis fluid cassette is disposed in a cassette compartment of the dialysis machine and pressurized fluid is introduced into the valve member, the deformable area obstructs a fluid channel of the dialysis fluid cassette to control dialysis fluid flow therethrough.

The invention relates to a blood treatment device comprising an attachment unit 7 for attaching a functional unit 1 intended for single use for carrying out the blood treatment. The blood treatment device according to the invention is characterised by a monitoring unit 8 for monitoring the operability and/or the operating state of the functional unit 1, which functional unit comprises at least one light transmitter 17A, 18A and at least one light receiver 17B, 18B. The light transmitter and light receiver are arranged in the monitoring unit 8 according to the invention on one side of the functional unit 1. The arrangement of the light transmitter and light receiver on the same side has the advantage that the monitoring unit 8 can be integrated into the attachment unit 7 of the blood treatment device without any major structural modifications. The monitoring of the functional unit 1 is based on an optical measurement method in which the light reflected on a part of the functional unit 1 or a part of the attachment unit 7 is detected. A calculation- and evaluation unit 13 is configured such that conclusions can be drawn as to a defective state and/or a certain operating state of the functional unit 1 based on the intensity of the light falling on the functional unit and the light reflected on the functional unit or the attachment unit.

A hemodialysis system configured to purge air from a blood circuit comprising: a dialyzer; a dialysis fluid circuit operable with the dialyzer via dialysis fluid inlet and outlet lines; the blood circuit operable with the dialyzer and including an arterial line, a venous line, a blood pump operable with the arterial line upstream of the dialyzer, and a physiologically acceptable fluid source in fluid communication with the arterial line upstream of the blood pump; and an air purging scheme wherein, with the dialysis fluid inlet and outlet lines connected to the dialyzer, air is purged using dialysis fluid or other physiologically acceptable fluid pumped by at least one of the fresh or used dialysis fluid pumps from the dialysis fluid circuit, through the dialyzer, into the blood circuit, in combination with dialysis fluid or other physiologically acceptable fluid from the source introduced directly into the blood circuit.