Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

The document describes a system which is easy to move in order to allow travelling anywhere in the world. The document provides different potential features and embodiments such as the container support, the loading system, the shape of the housing, . . .

Embodiments of the invention pertain to cartridges, systems and methods for performing hemodialysis and related extracorporeal blood treatment modalities and therapies, in which blood flows in the inter fiber space and dialysate flows in the lumens of hollow fibers. Appropriate connectors and fitting orientations may be provided. There may be provided orbital distributors, fanning of fibers, and features to promote uniformity of fiber spacing in the fiber bundle. Orbital distributors may contain contoured surfaces, flow redirectors, non-uniform-conductance flow elements, through-wall distributors, and other features. There may be subdivision of the fiber bundle into two groups of fibers with separate control fluid to each group. Appropriate systems may be provided for various therapies. Flow past the fibers may be parallel, transverse or other configuration. These various features may enable long-term application to all dialysis and ultrafiltration related therapies, and also to other therapies and to applications including implantables, portables and wearables.

A dialysis system may include a blood circuit, a cassette, a subsystem having a processor, a sensor, and a blood pumping mechanism, a housing in which the subsystem is arranged, a movable support arranged in the housing and configured to hold the sensor and/or the blood pumping mechanism of the subsystem, a cassette holder configured to removably receive the cassette, and a loading system. The loading system may be configured to move the movable support, e.g. by an axial movement, to a first position and to a second position relatively to the housing while the cassette holder is fixedly arranged in the housing. The loading system may have an electric motor controlled by the processor, a drive assembly coupled to the electric motor, and a guiding assembly configured to cooperate with the drive assembly.

A connector arrangement (10) for connecting to a fluid chamber (6) of a blood treatment unit (4) for extracorporeal blood treatments. The connector arrangement (10) includes a connector device (11) with a connector body (47) comprising a port opening (43) and an interior wall (50) defining a port space (39) designed to receive a first fluid port (8A) of the fluid chamber (6). The connector device (11) also incorporates a fluid path (35a) extending from the port space (39) to a first end opening (51) of the connector device (11), and an air path (36a) extending from the port space (39) to a second end opening (52) of the connector device (11), wherein the fluid path (35a) and the air path (36a) are separate paths. Also a system (1) for extracorporeal blood treatment including the connector arrangement (10) and a method for priming the fluid chamber (6).

The present invention generally relates to hemodialysis and similar dialysis systems, including a variety of systems and methods that would make hemodialysis more efficient, easier, and/or more affordable. One aspect of the invention is generally directed to new fluid circuits for fluid flow. In one set of embodiments, a hemodialysis system may include a blood flow path and a dialysate flow path, where the dialysate flow path includes one or more of a balancing circuit, a mixing circuit, and/or a directing circuit. Preparation of dialysate by the preparation circuit, in some instances, may be decoupled from patient dialysis. In some cases, the circuits are defined, at least partially, within one or more cassettes, optionally interconnected with conduits, pumps, or the like. In one embodiment, the fluid circuit and/or the various fluid flow paths may be at least partially isolated, spatially and/or thermally, from electrical components of the hemodialysis system. In some cases, a gas supply may be provided in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer that, when activated, is able to urge dialysate to pass through the dialyzer and urge blood in the blood flow path back to the patient. Such a system may be useful, for example, in certain emergency situations (e.g., a power failure) where it is desirable to return as much blood to the patient as possible. The hemodialysis system may also include, in another aspect of the invention, one or more fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, mixers, or the like, which can be actuated using a control fluid, such as air. In some cases, the control fluid may be delivered to the fluid handling devices using an external pump or other device, which may be detachable in certain instances. In one embodiment, one or more of the fluid handling devices may be generally rigid (e.g., having a spheroid shape), optionally with a diaphragm contained within the device, dividing it into first and second compartments.

An extracorporeal blood treatment device includes an extracorporeal circuit, a dialyzer, a dialyzing liquid circuit and a control unit. A venous section and an arterial section of the extracorporeal circuit each includes a sensor configured to acquire a hematocrit percentage in a liquid flowing through the corresponding section. The control unit controls reinfusion of blood such that a dialyzing liquid is supplied from the dialyzing liquid circuit via a dialyzer membrane to the extracorporeal circuit, which displaces blood present in the extracorporeal circuit towards a patient to return the blood to the patient via the venous section and arterial section. Reinfusion in the corresponding section of the extracorporeal circuit is discontinued if it is acquired by the corresponding sensor or calculated or predicted by the control unit based on information acquired by the corresponding sensor that the hematocrit percentage falls below a predetermined limit value.

Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

An extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus includes an extracorporeal circuit, a dialysis fluid circuit, and a dialyzer. A blood side and a dialysis fluid side of the dialyzer are separated by a membrane. A control unit automatically empties the dialyzer by setting a reduced pressure or negative pressure in the dialysis fluid circuit and by a passage of fluid from the blood side to the dialysis fluid side via the membrane. Once fluid has passed from the blood side to the dialysis fluid side and the blood side has been emptied, the control unit brings about a passage of air from the blood side to the dialysis fluid side via the membrane, and a displacement of the fluid out of the dialysis fluid side toward a dialysis fluid outflow by continued setting of the reduced pressure or negative pressure in the dialysis fluid circuit.

A connector arrangement (10) for connecting to a fluid chamber (6) of a blood treatment unit (4) for extracorporeal blood treatments. The connector arrangement (10) includes a connector device (11) with a connector body (47) comprising a port opening (43) and an interior wall (50) defining a port space (39) designed to receive a first fluid port (8A) of the fluid chamber (6). The connector device (11) also incorporates a fluid path (35a) extending from the port space (39) to a first end opening (51) of the connector device (11), and an air path (36a) extending from the port space (39) to a second end opening (52) of the connector device (11), wherein the fluid path (35a) and the air path (36a) are separate paths. Also a system (1) for extracorporeal blood treatment including the connector arrangement (10) and a method for priming the fluid chamber (6).