Systems and methods are disclosed for monitoring anatomic position of a human subject and modifying a radiotherapy treatment based on anatomic position changes, as determined with a regression model trained to estimate movement of a region of interest. Example operations for movement monitoring and therapy control include: obtaining 3D image data for a subject, which provides a reference volume and at least one defined region of interest; obtaining real-time 2D image data corresponding to the subject, captured during the radiotherapy treatment session; extracting features from the 2D image data; producing a relative motion estimation of a region of interest with a machine learning regression model, the model trained to estimate a spatial transformation from the 2D image data based on training from the reference volume; and controlling a radiotherapy beam of a radiotherapy machine used in the radiotherapy session, based on the relative motion estimation.

The invention comprises a method and apparatus for reducing a kinetic energy of positively charged particles, comprising the steps of: (1) transporting the positively charged particles from an accelerator into an exit nozzle system along a beam line; (2) providing a first chamber of the exit nozzle system, the first chamber comprising: an incident side comprising an incident aperture, an exit side comprising an exit aperture, and a beam path of the positively charged particles from the incident aperture to the exit aperture; (3) filling the beam path in the chamber with a liquid; and (4) using the liquid to reduce the kinetic energy of the positively charged particles. The kinetic energy dissipater is optionally used in combination with a proton therapy cancer treatment system and/or a proton tomography imaging system.

A radiation device directs a beam of radiation onto a target. The beam can be adjusted using, for example, a control for setting beam shape and a control for setting beam intensity. The target is supported on a surface that can be adjusted using, for example, a control for setting surface position and a control for setting a speed for moving the surface. Controls are selected to adjust the beam and the surface cooperatively in order to compensate for movement of the target.

Validation of a therapeutic radiation treatment involves using an applicator balloon surrounding an X-ray radiation source to support a plurality of X-ray sensor elements (XRSE). The XRSE are supported on the applicator balloon at distributed locations to sense applied radiation from the radiation source. At least one parameter of the applied radiation which has been sensed by the XRSE is compared to a corresponding parameter of a predetermined radiation treatment plan. Based on the comparing, a determination is made as to whether one or more requirements of the predetermined radiation treatment plan have been satisfied.

The present disclosure relates to a radiation system. The system may include a treatment assembly, an imaging assembly, a first gantry, and a second gantry. The treatment assembly may include a first radiation source configured to deliver a treatment beam and have a treatment region. The first gantry may be configured to support the first radiation source. The imaging assembly may include a second radiation source and a radiation detector. The second radiation source may be configured to deliver an imaging beam and the radiation detector may be configured to detect at least a portion of the imaging beam. The imaging assembly may have an imaging region. The second gantry may be configured to support the second radiation source and the radiation detector, wherein the second radiation source is located within the second gantry. The treatment region and the imaging region at least partially overlap.

Disclosed are a neutron dose detection apparatus and a neutron capture therapy device. The neutron dose detection apparatus includes at least two counting rate channels and a counting rate channel selection unit used for selecting one of the at least one counting rate channels. The counting rate channel includes a detector used for detecting neutrons and outputting a signal, a signal processing unit used for processing the signal output by the detector, and a counter used for counting the signal output by the signal processing unit.

Systems and methods are provided for radiation delivery. An exemplary method includes receiving an image depicting anatomical data of a target region of patient tissue and determining an initial prescribed dose of radiotherapeutic radiation to be delivered to the target region. The method also includes discretizing the arc for VMAT into a plurality of arc segments and performing an iteration process for determining an arc dose according to radiation delivered in the arc segments. The method further includes determining whether a condition for terminating the iteration process is met and terminating the iteration process based on a result of the determination that the condition for terminating the iteration process is met.

A method of image-guided radiation treatment is described. The method includes processing a first and second sets of image data to generate an enhanced image, wherein the enhanced image comprises a combination of the first and second sets of image data, wherein part or all of the image data comprises a target of a patient. The method also includes registering the enhanced image with another image to obtain a registration result and tracking the target using the registration result to generate tracking information. The method also includes directing treatment delivery to the target based on the tracking information obtained from the enhanced image.

Some implementations provide a method that includes: placing a human subject on a moveable platform located in a room with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner and a radiation therapy machine; moving the platform into a first position such that the human subject is positioned to be imaged by MRI; operating the MRI scanner while the platform is in the first position to obtain an image of the human subject; moving the platform into a second position such that the human subject is in position to receive radiation therapy from the radiation therapy machine; reducing the magnetic field such that the magnetic field at the radiation therapy machine is below a threshold value; and while the platform is in the second position and the magnetic field at the radiation therapy machine is below the threshold value, operating the radiation therapy machine to perform radiation therapy on the human subject.

A medical image processing device of an embodiment includes a first image acquirer, a second image acquirer, a generator, and a calculator. The first image acquirer acquires a first fluoroscopic image of a patient. The second image acquirer acquires a second fluoroscopic image according to radiation with which the patient is irradiated at a time point different from a time point of acquisition of the first fluoroscopic image from a photography device that detects radiation with a detector and performs an imaging process. The generator generates a reconstructed image obtained by reproducing the second fluoroscopic image from the first fluoroscopic image virtually arranged in a three-dimensional space on the basis of an installation position of the detector in the three-dimensional space. The calculator obtains a suitable position on the first fluoroscopic image in the three-dimensional space on the basis of a degree of similarity between the second fluoroscopic image and the reconstructed image. The generator generates the reconstructed image which is for use in the calculator and has a range larger than a range corresponding to the second fluoroscopic image.