A biomimetic oxygen delivery carrier is provided by employing natural cell membrane as a stabilizer for fluorocarbon nanoemulsions. The resulting formulation exhibits a high capacity for delivering oxygen and can be used to successfully resuscitate subjects in need due to for example hemorrhagic shock. This natural-synthetic platform can alleviate the impact of blood shortages in clinical settings among other uses.

Process and system for acellular therapy in a human subject are provided. The process and system relate to an acellular therapy using therapeutic extracellular vehicles fused to biological material obtained from the subject, via transfusion by extracorporeal systems. The process for acellular therapy is in a subject in need of such therapy.

Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to engineered CRISPR-Cas effector proteins that comprise at least one modification compared to an unmodified CRISPR-Cas effector protein that enhances binding of the of the CRISPR complex to the binding site and/or alters editing preference as compared to wild type. In certain example embodiments, the CRISPR-Cas effector protein is a Type V effector protein. In certain other example embodiments, the Type V effector protein is Cpf1. Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to viral vectors for delivery of CRISPR-Cas effector proteins, including Cpf1. In certain example embodiments, the vectors are designed so as to allow packaging of the CRISPR-Cas effector protein within a single vector. There is also an increased interest in the design of compact promoters for packing and thus expressing larger transgenes for targeted delivery and tissue-specificity. Thus, in another aspect certain embodiments disclosed herein are directed to delivery vectors, constructs, and methods of delivering larger genes for systemic delivery.

Provided herein are, inter alia, recombinant fusion proteins and exosomes comprising recombinant fusion proteins; wherein the recombinant fusion proteins comprises exosome membrane-associated proteins and exogenous target proteins; pharmaceutical compositions; and methods of using the recombinant fusion proteins, exosomes, and pharmaceutical compositions to treat diseases such as cancer, HIV, and COVID-19.

Pharmaceutical formulations (nanococktails) include two or more nanoparticulate delivery vehicles each including an active agent. The nanococktails can be formulated at any ratio of active agents by changing the ratio of nanoparticulate delivery vehicles in the nanococktail. The nanoparticulate delivery vehicles can have matched surface potential to prevent aggregation. The nanoparticulate delivery vehicles of the combined formulation are designed to provide each active agent with desired, preferably overlapping therapeutic windows and a specifically selected pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile when the nanococktail is administered to a subject. Each of the nanoparticulate delivery vehicles can be designed to enhance solubility, duration of action, targeting, stability, and to program release while preventing degradation of an active agent and preventing side effects, toxicity, and tolerability issues in a subject.

Herein is provided a recombinant tumor-selective viral particle comprising a nucleic acid encoding a recombinant polypeptide for directing an extracellular vesicle (EV) to at least one target cell, said recombinant polypeptide comprising: at least one targeting moiety for directing said EV to said at least one target molecule expressed by said at least one target cell; at least one EV-anchoring polypeptide; and at least one intravesicular polypeptide. The viral particle may be from an oncolytic viruses. Recombinant polypeptides for programming EVs to target particular molecules are also provided. Also described are therapeutic EVs for delivering payload polypeptides (and/or cargo molecules) to target cells, e.g., in vaccine or cell-free “CAR-T”-like applications, along with EVs for recruiting immune cells to target cells in EV-mediated BiTE -like applications. Oncolytic viruses may also be engineered to infect tumor cells and shed programmed EVs, yielding additional therapeutic effects.

The invention in aspects relates to methods of treating sepsis using HDL-NP. The methods include the use of nanoparticles having a core and a lipid based shell with optimal lipids therein.

According to some embodiments, a carrier for reducing a likelihood of a pathogen binding to cell structures of a host comprises a core, surface features extending from an exterior surface of the core, wherein the surface features are configured to bind to target areas of cell structures of the host to at least partially block the pathogen from binding to said target areas as a result of competitive inhibition, and a plurality of binding sites along the exterior surface, wherein the binding sites are configured to attract at least one portion of the pathogen, wherein the binding sites are recognizable by the pathogen and are able to be bound by the pathogen, thereby at least partially immobilizing the pathogen and reducing the likelihood of the pathogen binding to target areas of cell structures of the host.

Disclosed is a nanoparticle comprising an inner core comprising a virus; and an outer surface comprising a cellular membrane derived from a cell, and process of making thereof. The virus is an oncolytic virus and cellular membrane is derived from for example red blood cells.

Novel processes and compositions are described which use viral capsid proteins resistant to hydrolases to prepare virus-like particles to enclose and subsequently isolate and purify target cargo molecules of interest including nucleic acids such as siRNAs and shRNAs, miRNAs, messenger RNAs, small peptides and bioactive molecules.