The present disclosure is directed to methods for treating diseases for which cysteamine is indicated and compounds useful in such methods.

In certain embodiments methods are provided for the therapeutic or prophylactic amelioration of one or more symptoms or disorders associated with metabolic syndrome. In various embodiments the methods involve administering to a subject in need thereof, a GABA receptor agonist, in an amount sufficient to ameliorate said one or more symptoms. In certain embodiments methods are provided for the prophylaxis or treatment of type I diabetes and related pathologies that involve the use of GABA or GABA agonists in combination with certain other compounds (e.g., one more antigens (e.g., GAD) that have a therapeutic effect in type I diabetes and/or an anti-CD3 antibody, an anti-CD20 antibody, exendin-4, and/or or a pro-insulin therapeutic).

In certain embodiments methods are provided for the therapeutic or prophylactic amelioration of one or more symptoms or disorders associated with metabolic syndrome. In various embodiments the methods involve administering to a subject in need thereof, a GABA receptor agonist, in an amount sufficient to ameliorate said one or more symptoms. In certain embodiments methods are provided for the prophylaxis or treatment of type I diabetes and related pathologies that involve the use of GABA or GABA agonists in combination with certain other compounds (e.g., one more antigens (e.g., GAD) that have a therapeutic effect in type I diabetes and/or an anti-CD3 antibody, an anti-CD20 antibody, exendin-4, and/or or a pro-insulin therapeutic).

In certain embodiments methods are provided for the therapeutic or prophylactic amelioration of one or more symptoms or disorders associated with metabolic syndrome. In various embodiments the methods involve administering to a subject in need thereof, a GABA receptor agonist, in an amount sufficient to ameliorate said one or more symptoms. In certain embodiments methods are provided for the prophylaxis or treatment of type I diabetes and related pathologies that involve the use of GABA or GABA agonists in combination with certain other compounds (e.g., one more antigens (e.g., GAD) that have a therapeutic effect in type I diabetes and/or an anti-CD3 antibody, an anti-CD20 antibody, exendin-4, and/or or a pro-insulin therapeutic).

Compositions and methods for treatment and prevention of disorders and conditions characterized by reduced TGF-B signaling are described. In particular, the compositions and methods are useful for reducing or eliminating the pathologies associated with Alzheimer's disease. The compositions include urea derivatives containing a piperidine, piperidinium, or a piperidin-4-yl methyl; cycloalkyl, aryl, and fluorobenzyl moieties.

Compositions and methods for treatment and prevention of disorders and conditions characterized by reduced TGF-B signaling are described. In particular, the compositions and methods are useful for reducing or eliminating the pathologies associated with Alzheimer's disease. The compositions include urea derivatives containing a piperidine, piperidinium, or a piperidin-4-yl methyl; cycloalkyl, aryl, and fluorobenzyl moieties.

A compound of formula (I): for use in the prevention or treatment of a bacterial infection wherein: A is either S or Se; RA is selected from: wherein: each of Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, Y.sup.4 and Y.sup.9 is independently selected from CH or N, wherein at least three of Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3, Y.sup.4 and Y.sup.9 is CH; V is selected from O, CH—OR.sup.01, N—CO.sub.2—R.sup.C2 or N—R.sup.N2; one of Y.sup.5, Y.sup.6, Y.sup.7 and Y.sup.8 is selected from CH and N, and the others are CH; X is selected from NH, S or O; R.sup.C1 is selected from O—R.sup.O2 or NHR.sup.N1; R.sup.O1 is selected from H and C.sub.1-3 unbranched alkyl; R.sup.O2 is C.sub.1-3 unbranched alkyl; R.sup.N1 is selected from H and C.sub.1-3 unbranched alkyl; R.sup.N2 is C.sub.1-3 unbranched alkyl; R.sup.C2 is either C.sub.1-3 unbranched alkyl or C.sub.3-4 branched alkyl; R.sup.C3 is selected from C.sub.1-3 unbranched alkyl and C.sub.2H.sub.4CO.sub.2H; R.sup.C4 is either H or Me; R.sup.C5 is either H or Me; R.sup.C6 represents one or two optional methyl substituents; and n is an integer from 2 to 8.

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The present invention aims to provide a humoral immunity induction-promoting composition and a vaccine pharmaceutical composition which can universally be used for inducing humoral immunity to various antigens and exert a high antibody production inducing effect. The present invention relates to a vaccine pharmaceutical composition for inducing humoral immunity containing an antigen and a humoral immunity induction promoter whose active ingredient is a thrombosis treatment drug.

The present invention aims to provide a humoral immunity induction-promoting composition and a vaccine pharmaceutical composition which can universally be used for inducing humoral immunity to various antigens and exert a high antibody production inducing effect. The present invention relates to a vaccine pharmaceutical composition for inducing humoral immunity containing an antigen and a humoral immunity induction promoter whose active ingredient is a thrombosis treatment drug.

The invention provides compounds that bind with high affinities to the μ-, δ- and κ-opioid receptors and α.sub.2-adrenoreceptor. In addition to providing these compounds with novel pharmacological binding properties, the invention also describes detailed novel methods for the preparation of representative compounds and a scheme for the synthesis of related compounds that bind to the opioid receptors and/or α.sub.2-adrenoreceptor.