An apparatus for premixing fluids to form dialysate for an extracorporeal blood treatment includes at least a first feed portion for supplying at least a first fluid from at least a first fluid reservoir, at least a second feed portion for supplying at least a second fluid from at least a second fluid reservoir, a premixing portion being configured to premix fluids supplied via the feed portions in counter flow to form a fluid mixture and at least one drain portion for draining the fluid mixture premixed in the premixing portion as dialysate. A method carries out appropriate steps. In a conductivity measurement along the drain portion the conductivity of the premixed fluid mixture is measured by means of a digital filter adapted to be parameterized based on at least two state variables of the premixing process at least in two phases with a first predictive phase and a second corrective phase.

An extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus includes a filtration unit (2) connected to a blood circuit (17) and a dialysate circuit (32), a preparation device (9) for preparing and regulating the composition of the dialysis fluid, and a sensor (11) for measuring conductivity of the dialysate (i.e. spent dialysis fluid); a control unit (12) configured for setting a sodium concentration in the dialysis fluid and after setting the dialysis fluid at the initial set point, circulating the dialysis fluid and blood through the filtration unit (2), measuring an initial conductivity value of the dialysate at the beginning of the treatment, and calculating, based on the measured initial conductivity value and on the corresponding conductivity value of the dialysis fluid, the value of the initial plasma conductivity, said circulating of the dialysis fluid up to the calculating of the initial plasma conductivity performed by maintaining the dialysis fluid conductivity substantially constant.

A system for calculating cardiac output of a patient on an extracorporeal blood oxygenation circuit includes measuring first oxygenated blood flow rate by a pump in the extracorporeal circuit and a corresponding arterial oxygen saturation and recirculation in the extracorporeal circuit, then changing the pump flow rate, such as decreased, to produce a corresponding change in arterial oxygen saturation (wherein such change is outside of normal operating variances or drift), which change in the arterial oxygen saturation and recirculation are measured. From the first flow rate and the second flow rate along with the corresponding measured recirculation and the arterial oxygen saturation, the CO of the patient can be calculated, without reliance upon a measure of venous oxygen saturation. The system also includes an accommodation of oxygenation by the lungs of the patient during the extracorporeal blood oxygenation.

An electrical sensor for sensing electromagnetic properties of process fluids in a dialysis machine or a similar medical device can include a probe for interfacing with the fluids that is made from electronic fabric materials. The electronic fabric probe can include one or more conductors embedded in a non-conductive fabric layer. The electronic fabric probe is accommodated an enclosure which establishes a flow path with respect to the probe to establish fluid contact between the process fluids and the conductors. The conductors can apply or sense current and/or voltage with respect to the fluid. A portion of the electronic fabric probe can be disposed externally of the enclosure to provide electronic communication externally of the enclosure.

An apparatus and a method for preparing dialysis fluid for use in extracorporeal blood treatment, wherein the apparatus includes a main line for the supply of water in the course of which each of an acid fluid and a basic fluid is fed at a particular dosage, wherein the dosage is set by a control and regulating unit as a function of at least one chemical and/or physical parameter of the water-fluid mixture and the parameter is detected by a measuring instrument wherein a first measuring instrument is arranged at a section of the main line located downstream of each of the feeding point for the acid fluid and the feeding point for the basic fluid and the control and regulating unit at least temporarily controls the feeding of the acid and basic fluids such that over a predetermined period of time or a predetermined interval only one from among the acid and basic fluids is fed into the main line.

The present invention relates to a concentrate container having a concentrate that is configured to form a dialysis solution after its dilution with a diluting agent, in particular with water, wherein the concentrate container is in communication with a first connector having a first code that contains at least one piece of information on the concentrate; and wherein the concentrate container is furthermore in communication with a second connector whose second code differs from the first code, with the second code containing at least one piece of information on the dialysis solution.

The invention relates to a method of loading a medical device, in particular to a dialysis device, and preferably a peritoneal dialysis device, which comprises a device control and a user interface, wherein at least one fluid-filled container is connected to a corresponding interface of the device, wherein at least one property of the container is checked by the device before or during its connection and the measured value is compared with least one desired value stored in the device control.

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for calculating a bicarbonate concentration in a fluid used in dialysis. The devices, systems, and methods can be used to calculate the bicarbonate concentration in either dialysate or blood. The invention measures the amount of carbon dioxide in both an acidified and non-acidified solution and calculates the bicarbonate concentration based on the difference in carbon dioxide concentrations.

A blood treatment apparatus having an extracorporeal circuit has a dialyzate circuit with a dialyzer, having a blood-side chamber, and a dialyzate-side chamber separated from the blood-side chamber by a membrane. The blood-side chamber is in fluid communication with the extracorporeal circuit and the dialyzate-side chamber is in fluid communication with the dialyzate circuit, and the apparatus has a preparation unit for online preparation of a solution. The apparatus has a first means for carrying out a priming mode and a second means for carrying out an initial treatment mode. The first means is configured to control the preparation unit to prepare a flushing solution having a pH of 7.3, with the extracorporeal circuit being filled with the flushing solution. The second means is configured to control the preparation unit to prepare the dialyzate having a pH of 7.3, with the dialyzate circuit being filled with the dialyzate.

The invention relates to devices, systems, and methods for recharging zirconium phosphate and/or zirconium oxide in reusable sorbent modules. The devices, systems, and methods provide for precision recharging of the zirconium phosphate and/or zirconium oxide to avoid the need of excess recharge solutions. The devices systems and methods also provide for calculation of the volumes of recharge solution needed for fully recharging the zirconium phosphate and zirconium oxide modules.