A medical device uses UWB units to infer a position of an adjunct positioned in proximity to an exterior portion of a patient's body. The position information can be used to provide CPR feedback to a rescuer. In other applications, the position information can be used to provide prompts to a user to change the position of the adjunct.

A wearable medical includes a walking detector module with a motion sensor that is configured to detect when the patient is walking or running. In embodiments, a parameter (referred to herein as a Bouncy parameter) is determined from Y-axis acceleration measurements. In some embodiments, the Bouncy parameter is a measurement of the AC component of the Y-axis accelerometer signal. This detection can be used by the medical device to determine how and/or whether to provide treatment to the patient wearing the medical device. For example, when used in a WCD, the walking detector can prevent false alarms because a walking patient is generally conscious and not in need of a shock.

Disclosed herein are methods, systems, and programming for evaluating a medical workflow. For example, one or more images depicting a medical environment and a medical workflow performed in the medical environment may be received. Contextual information associated with the medical workflow may be determined, and a stage of the medical workflow may be identified, based on the one or more images. A subsequent stage of the medical workflow may be determined based on the identified stage, and first medical content associated with the contextual information and second medical content associated with the subsequent stage may be presented to one or more medical staff located within the medical environment.

In embodiments a WCD system is worn and/or carried by an ambulatory patient. The WCD system analyzes an ECG signal of the patient, to determine whether or not the patient should be given an electric shock to restart their heart. If so, then the WCD system first gives a preliminary alarm to the patient, asking them to prove they are alive if they are. The WCD system further determines whether the ECG signal contains too much High Amplitude (H-A) noise, which can distort the analysis of the ECG signal. If too much H-A noise is detected for a long time, the WCD system may eventually alert the patient about their activity, so that the ECG noise may be abated. The WCD system may even pause the analysis of the ECG signal, so that there will be no preliminary alarms that could be false until the ECG noise is abated.

A cardiac monitoring system including a long term ECG monitoring unit configured to be supported by the patient for long periods of time, including a power source, one or more electrodes electrically attached to the long term ECG monitoring unit and configured to be worn by the patient for extended periods of time, circuitry for receiving an ECG signal of the patient via the electrodes, and at least one processor operatively coupled to the circuitry for monitoring the ECG signal of the patient.

A wearable cardiac defibrillator (WCD) system may include a support structure that a patient can wear, an energy storage module that can store an electrical charge, and a discharge circuit that can discharge the electrical charge through the patient so as to shock him or her, while the patient is wearing the support structure. Embodiments may actively take into account bystanders, both to protect them from an inadvertent shock, and also to enlist their help. In some embodiments, the WCD system includes a speaker system and a memory. Prompts have been saved in advance in the patient's own voice, and stored in the memory. In case of an emergency, the prompts may be played by the speaker system in the patient's own voice, and heard by a bystander.

A wearable cardiac defibrillator (WCD) system may include a support structure that a patient can wear, an energy storage module that can store an electrical charge, and a discharge circuit that can discharge the electrical charge through the patient so as to shock him or her, while the patient is wearing the support structure. Embodiments may actively take into account bystanders, both to protect them from an inadvertent shock, and also to enlist their help. In some embodiments the WCD system includes a speaker system that transmits a sound designed to assist a bystander to perform CPR. Optionally CPR chest compressions received by the patient can be further detected, and feedback can be given. In embodiments, a WCD system may include a user interface that can be controlled to output CPR prompts tailored to a skill level of the bystander.

A wearable cardiac defibrillator (WCD) system may include a support structure that a patient can wear, an energy storage module that can store an electrical charge, and a discharge circuit that can discharge the electrical charge through the patient so as to shock him or her, while the patient is wearing the support structure. Embodiments may actively take into account bystanders, both to protect them from an inadvertent shock, and also to enlist their help. In some embodiments, the WCD system includes a speaker system, a memory and a proximity detector. Prompts have been stored in the memory. In case of an emergency, upon inferring that no bystander is nearby, the speaker system may transmit a sound at a higher intensity than otherwise, hoping to attract attention.

An electrode for use with a therapeutic current delivery system can include a flexible, water vapor-permeable, conductive adhesive material; a current dispersing element in contact with the conductive adhesive material; and a non-conductive, flexible, water vapor-permeable, electrically-insulating top layer provided in contact with the current dispersing element. The current dispersing element can be conductive at least laterally along a plane of the electrode. The conductive adhesive material can be conductive in a direction substantially orthogonal to the plane of the electrode and semi-conductive in a direction substantially lateral to the plane of the electrode.

A serviceable wearable cardiac treatment device for continuous extended use by an ambulatory patient includes a garment and a device controller. The garment is configured to dispose therein a plurality of ECG sensing and therapy electrodes. The device controller is configured to be in separable electrical communication with the plurality of ECG sensing and therapy electrodes. The device controller includes an impact-resistant energy core, including a frame and capacitor(s) permanently bonded to the frame. The device controller includes a critical function circuit board, including critical function processor(s) and circuitry, and a non-critical function circuit board, including non-critical function processor(s) and circuitry. The critical function circuit board is in electrical communication with the capacitor(s) and configured to control critical operations of the device controller regardless of operability of the non-critical function circuit board. The non-critical function circuit board is configured to control non-critical operations of the device controller.