Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices and methods for treating one or more damaged, diseased, or traumatized portions of the spine, including intervertebral discs, to reduce or eliminate associated back pain. In one or more embodiments, the present disclosure relates to an expandable interbody spacer. The expandable interbody spacer may comprise a first jointed arm comprising a plurality of links pivotally coupled end to end. The expandable interbody spacer further may comprise a second jointed arm comprising a plurality of links pivotally coupled end to end. The first jointed arm and the second jointed arm may be interconnected at a proximal end of the expandable interbody spacer. The first jointed arm and the second jointed arm may be interconnected at a distal end of the expandable interbody spacer.

Porous-based bone implants with the integration of Triply Periodic Minimal Surface, TPMS, porous architectures are designed to support the growth and proliferation of bone tissue, bone marrow, and capillaries. This disclosure intends to reduce the adverse effect of conventional implants such as bone resorption over time, which is called the stress shielding effect. The stress shielding effect is caused by the mismatch between the implant and natural bone stiffness. Triply Periodic Minimal Surface, TPMS, porous architectures exhibit interconnected pore features. The interconnection of the porous network allows the TPMS to have a higher permeability than that of other porous structures, leading to more favorable nutrient transport. In addition, many physical characteristics of the TPMS structures including surface-to-volume ratio, pore size, elastic modulus, and fluid behaviors can be controlled precisely through mathematical manipulation. As a result, TPMS-based implants could be physical features, which are vaned based on different bone regions. In other words, the medical implants may exhibit non-uniform or gradient physical features, which can match the characteristic of trabecular and cortical bones. Therefore, TPMS-based implants could adjust the features to mimic neighboring bone regions. As a result, we can achieve medical implants, which have superior mechanical and biological responses, resulting in optimal cell growth and better medical treatment.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to devices and methods for treating one or more damaged, diseased, or traumatized portions of the spine, including intervertebral discs, to reduce or eliminate associated back pain. In one or more embodiments, the present disclosure relates to an expandable interbody spacer. The expandable interbody spacer may comprise a first jointed arm comprising a plurality of links pivotally coupled end to end. The expandable interbody spacer further may comprise a second jointed arm comprising a plurality of links pivotally coupled end to end. The first jointed arm and the second jointed arm may be interconnected at a proximal end of the expandable interbody spacer. The first jointed arm and the second jointed arm may be interconnected at a distal end of the expandable interbody spacer.

A tissue scaffold includes a first film having a plurality of cell openings and a second film adjacent the first film and having a plurality of cell openings larger than the cell openings of the first film. The cell openings of the first film interconnect with the cell openings of the second film to define pathways extending through the first and second films.

A blade-like stem of a hip joint prosthesis for anchoring in the femur, including a prosthesis neck portion and a femur-anchoring portion extending therefrom and having a proximal end and a distal end, the femur-anchoring portion including a proximal arcuate portion extending from a location adjacent the proximal end and having a radius of curvature that changes in a distal-to-proximal direction, and the femur-anchoring portion further including a distal tapered portion extending from the proximal arcuate portion toward the distal end.

An augment device for a joint endoprosthesis, the device comprising: a sleeve having a top and a bottom, a distance between said top and said bottom defining an entire height of said sleeve, wherein the sleeve surrounds a channel extending through the sleeve from the top to the bottom of the sleeve wherein the channel is configured to receive a stem of the joint endoprosthesis; the sleeve comprising an inner face and an outer face, the inner face defining the channel, and a distance between the inner face and the outer face defining a thickness; the sleeve further comprising a porous material configured for ingrowth of bony material.

The methods disclosed herein of generating three-dimensional lattice structures and reducing stress shielding have applications including use in medical implants. One method of generating a three-dimensional lattice structure can be used to generate a structure lattice and/or a lattice scaffold to support bone or tissue growth. One method of reducing stress shielding includes generating a structural lattice to provide sole mechanical spacing across an area for desired bone or tissue growth. Some examples can use a repeating modified rhombic dodecahedron or radial dodeca-rhombus unit cell. Some methods are also capable of providing a lattice structure with anisotropic properties to better suit the lattice for its intended purpose.

In accordance with one aspect, a spinal implant for fusing vertebral bones is provided that includes a monolithic body for being inserted between bones. The body has a through opening of the body for receiving bone growth material and a wall of the body extending about the through opening. The wall includes nubs extending into the through opening that increase the surface area of the wall available for bone on-growth.

The invention disclosed herein includes implant features that can be used, in some embodiments, on devices with a volumetric density of less than about 100 percent and devices with a surface roughness of some value. The implant features include one or more protrusions mounted on the forward edge of an implant that can ease the distraction of tissue during implantation and reduce the occurrence of damage during a manufacturing process. In some embodiments, the protrusions have gaps in a non-axial direction with respect to the implant to allow axial compression with respect to the protrusions. In some embodiments, the protrusions have a circumferential gap between them and a body of a device to reduce any impact on the device's elastic modulus.

The present invention relates to a vertebral system comprising a vertebral implant (2) and a plurality of inserts, said implant being designed to be implanted in a vertebral segment composed of at least two vertebrae and including a body (20) the walls whereof delimit a cavity (23) leading to the outside of the body (20) through at least one opening in at least one of said walls, at least one passage (21) passing through the implant (2) from the periphery to an upper or lower surface to receive a bone-anchoring device (1) capable of anchoring the implant (2) in at least one of said vertebrae, the system being characterized in that it includes at least two inserts selected from among the following inserts: at least one graft insert (3, 3A, 3B, 4, 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 202, 250) capable of being colonized by bone tissue and/or receiving at least one bone tissue graft and/or at least one substitute; and/or at least one bone-anchoring insert (210) comprising said passage (21) capable of receiving said bone-anchoring device (1).