One aspect of the disclosure relates to an extramedullary distraction and compression system. The extramedullary distraction system includes: a housing configured to be attached to a bone at a first location, the housing having a magnet and a lead screw positioned therein, wherein the lead screw is coupled to the magnet such that rotation of the magnet causes rotation of the lead screw, at least one retainer clip disposed around the lead screw; a rod configured to be attached to the bone at a second location and configured to interact with the lead screw such that, upon rotation of the lead screw, the rod distracts or contracts relative to the housing.

An implantable growing rod assembly adapted to be secured along a length of a spine for treating deformities of the spine. The assembly includes a housing, a fixed rod extending along a longitudinal axis away from the housing, and an expansion rod extendible from the housing along the longitudinal axis. A driver assembly is fixed to the housing and adapted to translate the expansion rod along the longitudinal axis.

An external actuation device includes a housing, a motor, a driving magnet, a sensor, and a controller. The motor includes a driveshaft that is rotatable about a rotation axis. The driving magnet is rotatably coupled with the driveshaft and is rotatable together with the driveshaft about the rotation axis. The sensor is associated with the driving magnet and is configured to detect a magnetic force between the driving magnet and a driven magnet disposed adjacent to the driving magnet. The controller is in communication with the motor and the sensor.

An implantable growing rod assembly adapted to be secured along a length of a spine for treating deformities of the spine. The assembly includes a housing, a fixed rod extending along a longitudinal axis away from the housing, and an expansion rod extendible from the housing along the longitudinal axis. A driver assembly is fixed to the housing and adapted to translate the expansion rod along the longitudinal axis. Examples of the implantable growing rod assembly include a smart growing system, and an autonomous growing rod system.

A spinal distraction system includes a distraction rod having a first end and a second end, the first end being configured for affixation to a subject's spine at a first location, the distraction rod having a second end containing a recess having a threaded portion disposed therein. The system further includes an adjustable portion configured for affixation relative to the subject's spine at a second location remote from the first location, the adjustable portion comprising a housing containing a magnetic assembly, the magnetic assembly affixed at one end thereof to a lead screw, the lead screw operatively coupled to the threaded portion. A locking pin may secure the lead screw to the magnetic assembly. An O-ring gland disposed on the end of the housing may form a dynamic seal with the distraction rod.

A method of treating scoliosis in a subject includes securing a scoliosis treatment device to first and second locations on the subject's skeletal system, the scoliosis treatment device including a first portion, a second portion moveably mounted relative to the first portion, and an adjustment device disposed on the device and configured to change a distraction force between the first location and the second location, the adjustment device including a rotationally mounted magnetic element configured to move the second portion relative to the first portion in response to rotation of the magnetic element. An external adjustment device is provided external to the subject and is able to adjust the distraction force between the first location and second location.

An implantable growing rod assembly adapted to be secured along a length of a spine for treating deformities of the spine. The assembly includes a housing, a fixed rod extending along a longitudinal axis away from the housing, and an expansion rod extendible from the housing along the longitudinal axis. A driver assembly is fixed to the housing and adapted to translate the expansion rod along the longitudinal axis.

A method of changing a bone angle includes creating an osteotomy between a first portion and a second portion of a tibia of a patient; creating a cavity in the tibia by removing bone material along an axis extending in a substantially longitudinal direction from a first point at the tibial plateau to a second point; placing a non-invasively adjustable implant into the cavity, the non-invasively adjustable implant comprising an adjustable actuator having an outer housing and an inner shaft, telescopically disposed in the outer housing, and a driving element configured to be remotely operable to telescopically displace the inner shaft in relation to the outer housing; coupling one of the outer housing or the inner shaft to the first portion of the tibia; coupling the other of the outer housing or the inner shaft to the second portion of the tibia; and remotely operating the driving element to telescopically displace the inner shaft in relation to the outer housing, thus changing an angle between the first portion and second portion of the tibia.

Hydraulically expandable spinal rods and methods of use thereof are disclosed. The spinal rod may include a piston rod, a static rod, and a hydraulic pressure chamber for accepting hydraulic fluid and causing the piston rod to move in an expansion direction relative to the static rod. Upon connection of the piston and static rods to a patient's spinal column, the hydraulic spinal rod may be expanded to aid in correction of an underlying spinal deformity.

A spinal stabilization device that can be used to non-invasively correct spacing and curvature between at least two vertebral structures. The spinal stabilization device includes two telescoping tubes wherein ends of the two tubes can have pedicle screws that can be fastened to two or more vertebral bones. The overall length of the spinal stabilization device can be adjusted by moving the inner tube within the outer tube. Both the outer tube and the inner tube have multiple holes for receiving fasteners, wherein a fastener can be inserted through a hole in the outer tube into a hole in the inner tube for interlocking the inner tube and outer tube. The extension of the fastener into the holes and retraction from the holes can be controlled non-invasively from an external source. When the fastener is disengaged, the inner tube and the outer tube can freely move relative to each other, and the positions of the two or more vertebral bones can be non-invasively adjusted by subjecting a person to predefined movements and body posture. Upon achieving the desired positions, the fastener can be engaged to interlock the inner tube and the outer tube.