A rotary evaporator for evaporating a substance contained in an initial substance comprises an evaporation flask (2) for receiving the initial substance, a device (3) for heating the substance, a condenser (4) for condensing the vaporized substance, a collection container (6) for receiving the re-liquefied substance and at least one device (5) for generating a low pressure and/or an excess pressure. In order to remove the re-liquefied substance an excess pressure can be generated at least within the collection container (6) and/or in order to remove residues of the initial substance an excess pressure can be generated at least within the evaporation flask (2).

Provided is a process for separating an organic isocyanate prepared by reacting an organic amine with a stoichiometric excess of phosgene in the gas phase from the gaseous crude product obtained in the reaction, the process comprising the steps of (i) at least partially condensing the crude product stream containing at least the isocyanate, hydrogen chloride and unconverted phosgene by contacting with at least one liquid stream containing at least one quench liquid in a first separation apparatus to obtain a liquid stream containing at least some of the quench liquid and some of the isocyanate and a gas stream containing at least hydrogen chloride, evaporated quench liquid and phosgene, (ii) discharging the liquid stream obtained in step (i) via a first liquid outlet and of the gas stream obtained in (i) via a first gas conduit and (iii) at least partially condensing and/or absorbing the gas stream discharged in step (ii) through the first gas conduit, wherein that the at least partial condensation and/or absorption is effected in step (iii) by direct introduction of at least one cooling fluid, wherein the cooling fluid is introduced directly into the first gas conduit via at least one addition unit assigned to the first gas conduit.

The disclosure pertains to a urea production process comprising concentrating a first urea solution in a first vacuum evaporator in an evaporation section to give a urea melt and first vapor, and condensing said first vapor in a first condensation section, wherein the first condensation section is a chilled condensation section.

The operation of the arrangement (device) for conversion of contaminated (loaded) water with harmful substances and elements into certified ecological, healthy water, with natural cleaning without filters, is based on the production of water vapor by heating water in a stainless steel chamber and channeling (water vapor drain) of water vapor with air flow to the liquefaction system This model works without filters, membranes or chemicals and additionally is not including other harmful substances and elements that burden, pollute, infect and contaminate the environment. Ecologically it transforms the unsuitable for health water into the excellent quality healthy drinking water. Nitrates, which are converted to nitrites (NO2) when boiled in water, can be converted into one of the most potent carcinogenic compounds, nitrosamines. The arrangement (device) includes a container (Cx), with two electrodes, that communicates with the boiling chamber, to control the limits of the boiling water level, to eliminate parasitic electromagnetic fluctuations and to avoid oxidation of the two electrodes.

A method for control and optimization of a stillage evaporation process, the method providing monitoring a conductivity of a stillage stream to obtain a conductivity value; correlating the conductivity value to a dry solids percentage (% DS) present in a stillage evaporator system to obtain an evaporator solids profile; and utilizing the evaporator solids profile to obtain a mass-balance solids profile of a stillage evaporator system to control and optimize a dry solids evaporation process.

A heating system for use in the solar powered heating of water. In one embodiment, the heating system is used in conjunction with a solar water farm to desalinate water. The water farm can be utilized on a variety of scales and can be applied to agricultural farms for large scale reclamation of deserts.

An apparatus and method for removing a compound from a solution are disclosed. The apparatus includes a vessel, a solution heater, and an aeration device, wherein the solution heater and the aeration device are connected to the vessel. The solution is contained in the vessel and heated by the solution heater. The aeration device provides aeration to the heated solution for agitating the heated solution, and the component is thereby removed from the solution.

The present system is for integrated management of associated gas and produced water at oil well extraction sites. The system includes a controller that makes gas allocation determination (e.g., directs conditioned gas to (i) gas flare, (ii) produced water reduction system, and/or (iii) generator) when a change in conditioned gas flow is detected based on first plurality of inputs. If the conditioned gas is directed to the generator, then the controller makes an electricity allocation determination (e.g., (i) increase a data processing operating rate on a data processing server, (ii) start up idle data processing equipment, (iii) direct generated electric current to a power grid, and/or (iv) charge a storage battery) based on second plurality of inputs. By operating the system of gas consumption and electricity production/consumption in an integrated fashion, benefits of flaring prevention, resource conversation, and more efficient economic operations are optimized to a degree not previously attainable.

An apparatus for use in water purification including a cylindrical vessel comprising, within the cylindrical vessel, a first set of hydrocyclones, at least one intermediate set of hydrocyclones, and a final set of hydrocyclones, the sets of hydrocyclones arranged in series. In one embodiment, the hydrocyclones within each set of hydrocyclones are arranged in a parallel configuration, wherein each set of hydrocyclones is defined by a divider which causes the hydrocyclones in each set to operate in parallel. In one embodiment each hydrocyclone has a tangential inlet disposed within an inlet chamber of the cylindrical vessel and in fluid communication with an inlet connected to the inlet chamber, an overflow disposed within an overflow chamber of the cylindrical vessel, and an underflow disposed within an underflow chamber of the cylindrical vessel. In one embodiment, the cylindrical vessel comprises a first set of hydrocyclones and a second, final set of hydrocyclones.

The present invention relates to treatment systems for polluted and sea water by recrystallization and may be used in everyday life, the food industry, in the catering business and healthcare.

The system comprises at least two heat-exchange devices that contain chambers for water freezing and ice melting, cooling and heating components, a water circulation loop, a refrigerant circulation loop connected with cooling and heating components able to alternate water freezing and ice melting in the chambers of heat-exchange devices and to transfer the heat generated in the water freezing chamber into the ice melting chamber, a control and monitoring tool. Heat-exchange devices are arranged as a cascade one under another and comprise outer and inner housings as well as a cylindrical baffle, which are coaxial relatively to each other and form an annular cavity between their walls; an air supply manifold, cooling and heating components, a heating component fastened at the top of the inner housing and at least one drain nozzle. The outer housing is cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped with a cone angle directed upwards. The outer housing has an additional inner wall, the shape and height of which meet the outer housing while cooling and heating components are located between the said walls. The baffle and the housing internal wall may be connected to an electrical current source.

The combination of sufficiently large performance and high quality of water treatment in the system allows it to use for treating initial water with a wide range of with organic and inorganic contaminants.