A water sanitizing system is disclosed and includes an inner chamber and an outer chamber disposed at least partially around the inner chamber. A lens concentrates solar energy applied to a liquid within the inner chamber. A vacuum source in communication separately with the inner chamber and the outer chamber. The vacuum source controls a pressure within the inner chamber separately from the outer chamber for controlling conversion of liquid within the inner chamber to a gas. The outer chamber, also under vacuum, is an insulative layer to prevent heat loss.

A method may include providing a humidification-dehumidification unit proximate one or more abandoned wells, circulating a water feed through the one or more abandoned wells, using geothermal heat in the one or more abandoned wells to heat the water feed, directing the heated water feed to the humidification-dehumidification unit, and treating the heated water feed in the humidification-dehumidification unit to provide purified water.

Falling film evaporator systems, devices, and methods are disclosed in the present application. In some embodiments, the falling film evaporator system can include a hollow cylindrical glass tube configured to enclose the major parts of the falling film evaporator system. Furthermore, in some embodiments, inserted into the cylindrical glass tube is another hollow evaporator tube with a dispensing bowl at the top, a reservoir of the dispending bowl facing the inside top of the cylindrical glass tube. Inserted into the hollow evaporator tube is a heating element configured to heat the hollow evaporator tube such that an outside surface of the evaporator tube is heated. At the top of the hollow cylindrical glass is an inlet where liquid flows into the dispensing bowl, spilling over the edges of the bowl, generating a thin film of liquid that is evaporated as it falls down the outside surface of the evaporator tube.

A vaporizer includes an outer tube configured to receive a flow of heated gas and an inner tube disposed at least partially within the outer tube. The inner tube is spaced apart from the outer tube such that the flow of heated gas is channeled through an annular space therebetween. The vaporizer also includes a crucible disposed at least partially within the inner tube. The crucible is extendable and retractable relative to the inner tube and within the outer tube. The crucible is configured to hold a molten metal such that a surface area of the molten metal exposed to the flow of heated gas is adjustable based on the position of the crucible relative to the inner tube. A heater is configured to vaporize the molten material and the vapor mixes with the flow of heated gas.

Evaporator system used for the production of maple syrup. The evaporator system includes at least one receptacle, a combustion chamber, an evacuation port and an air supply system. The evaporator system also includes a door assembly being configured for removably mounting onto a corresponding support frame of the evaporator system, and being operable between an opened configuration for allowing access to the combustion chamber and to be able to selectively feed biomass into the combustion chamber via the inlet thereof, and a closed configuration for preventing access to and closing off the inlet of the combustion chamber, the door assembly being provided with at least one aeration passage extending between an outer portion of the door assembly and an inner portion therefor, for providing a supply of secondary air to the combustion chamber via said at least one aeration passage of the door assembly when operated in the closed configuration.

Processing contaminated water containing volatile or/and semi-volatile compounds via flash evaporation. Method and system include: superheating contaminated water (via a superheating unit), for forming superheated contaminated water having a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold temperature; flash evaporating the superheated contaminated water (via a flash evaporation unit), for forming superheated contaminated steam; and thermally oxidizing the superheated contaminated steam (via a thermal oxidation unit), so as to thermally oxidize the volatile compounds contained therein, and form thermal oxidation gas/vapor products. Optionally, further includes integrated configuration and operation of a process control/data-information processing unit, and a heat recycling unit. Results in obtaining high yields and high energy efficiencies for removal of volatile compounds from contaminated water. Particularly applicable for processing water contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or/and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and volatile or/and semi-volatile inorganic compounds.

A system and process for decontaminating a bio-contaminated wastewater fluid as from a slaughterhouse or similar facility. The system and process recovers purified vapor/steam through a decontamination unit having a plurality of alternating rotating trays and fixed baffles in a processing vessel producing separate purified and contaminant streams. One or more filter/strainer units are disposed in parallel before the decontamination unit, and may be used alternately while the other is cleaned. A rotating shaft connected to the rotating trays may also connected to an electrical generator to provide electricity for circuits and controls in the system.

A desalination system that can comprise an inlet, an optional preheating stage, multiple evaporation chambers and optional demisters, product condensers, a waste outlet, one or more product outlets, a nested configuration that facilitates heat transfer and recovery and a control system. The control system can permit operation of the purification system continuously with minimal user intervention or cleaning. The desalination system can operate with any number of pre-treatment methods for descaling, and with degassing systems to eliminate or reduce hydrocarbons and dissolved gases. The system is capable of removing, from a contaminated water sample, a plurality of contaminant types including microbiological contaminants, radiological contaminants, metals, and salts.

A method of concentrating a process fluid, including a carrier fluid, including: (a) maintaining a process fluid at a predetermined temperature value/range; (b) evaporating the carrier fluid from the process fluid to produce a concentrated process fluid; (c) monitoring at least one process variable of steps (a) or (b) to detect fouling formed in either step (a) or (b); and (d) initiating a cleaning protocol if the process variable deviates from a predetermined value/range to reduce the fouling formed.

A metal surface treatment liquid recycling system includes a treatment liquid collecting tank, a pre-treatment device, a nanofiltration device and a vacuum distillation device, all of which are connected sequentially. The nanofiltration device includes a feed tank, a first-stage nanofiltration membrane unit, and a second-stage nanofiltration membrane unit. Treatment wastewater in the treatment liquid collecting tank is fed into the pre-treatment device to filter out suspended solids and then enter the feed tank. The wastewater in the feed tank is filtered by the first-stage nanofiltration membrane unit and transformed to a first-stage concentrated waste liquid and first-stage infiltration fluids. The first-stage infiltration fluids are fed into and re-filtered by the second-stage nanofiltration membrane unit and transformed to a second-stage concentrated waste liquid and second-stage infiltration fluids. The second-stage infiltration fluids are evaporated and concentrated by the vacuum distillation device for generation of distilled water and high-concentration acid concentrated fluids.