There is provided a water transportation system comprising evaporation zones for converting water into water vapour; condensation zones for condensing the water vapour into condensed water, the condensation zones being in fluid communication with the evaporation zones; water vapour conduits adapted to enable the fluid communication of the water vapour between the evaporation zones and the condensation zones; condensed water conduits adapted to enable the fluid communication of condensed water between the condensation zones and the evaporation zones; wherein the evaporation zones and the condensation zones alternate in position along a water transportation path between a water source site and a water destination site for enabling the transport of water from the water source site to the water destination site through alternating processes of evaporation-condensation and condensation-evaporation of the water.

The present disclosure is drawn to an example evaporation panel, which can include an evaporation shelf that is laterally elongated and horizontally oriented and can include an upper surface and a lower surface. A second evaporation shelf can also be included that is laterally elongated and positioned in parallel beneath the evaporation shelf. The second evaporation shelf can have a second upper surface. The evaporation panel can further include a support column between the first evaporation shelf and the second evaporation shelf. The support column can include a plurality of stacked and spaced apart evaporation fins oriented in parallel with the evaporation shelf.

A wastewater evaporative separation system can include an evaporation panel assembly and a wastewater delivery system. The evaporative panel assembly can include at least 10 individual evaporation panels laterally joined together and fluidly coupled to a body of wastewater. The evaporation panel assembly can be configured for receiving wastewater from the body of wastewater and evaporating water therefrom as the wastewater cascades down the evaporation panel assembly and contaminants generally become more concentrated. The wastewater delivery system can be associated with the body of wastewater and can include a fluid directing assembly delivering wastewater from the body of wastewater to an upper portion of the evaporation panel assembly.

The present disclosure evaporation panel systems including a plurality of evaporation panels. The evaporation panels can include a plurality of evaporation shelves that are laterally elongated, vertically stacked, spaced apart from one another, and horizontally oriented; and a plurality of vertical support columns positioned laterally along the plurality of evaporation shelves to provide support and separation to the plurality of evaporation shelves. The evaporation panels can also include a plurality of female-receiving openings which are individually bordered by two evaporation shelves and two support columns; and a plurality of male connectors positioned at lateral ends of both the first evaporation panel and the second evaporation panels. The first evaporation panel and the second evaporation panel can be orthogonally connectable via the male connectors of the first evaporation panel and the female-receiving openings of the second evaporation panel.

A process for producing methanol from an adjusted make-up gas comprising the steps of adjusting the stoichiometric number of the make-up gas fed to the methanol loop with a first stream of hydrogen recovered from a minor portion of makeup gas separated from the main stream, and a second stream of hydrogen recovered from the loop purge; the process further comprises the step of feeding at least a portion of a tail gas rich in methane to a reforming stage for use as a feedstock to produce the make-up gas.

The present invention relates to a continuous process for obtaining 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) from a mixture (1) that is liquid under an absolute pressure in the range from 0.5 to 100 bar and has a temperature in the range from 0 to 300 C., comprising 2-EHA, at least one high boiler, at least one homogeneous catalyst, and at least one low boiler, wherein the mixture (1) is depressurized by a pressure-maintenance device (3) to an absolute pressure level in the range from 0.1 to 10 bar, wherein the resulting two-phase gas/liquid mixture (16) is continuously supplied to a helical-tube evaporator (4) in which, at a temperature in the range from 50 to 300 C., the 2-EHA content of the liquid phase of the two-phase gas/liquid mixture is reduced by partial evaporation, this being accompanied by a parallel increase in the 2-EHA content of the gas phase of the two-phase gas/liquid mixture, and the two phases are discharged in the form of a resulting two-phase gas/liquid output stream (17).

In an improved method of distilling fluids, some or all of the fluid is recovered as distillate and the fluid is situated in the shell side of a first shell and tube heat exchanger. The fluid to be recovered as distillate is successively boiled, demisted, compressed and then introduced into upper ends of the tubes. A second shell and tube heat exchanger is located below the first heat exchanger, and distillate from upper ends of the tubes in the second heat exchanger are arranged to receive distillate liquid and/or vapor from the lower ends of tubes of the first heat exchanger. The fluid is located in the shell of the second heat exchanger and that fluid is heated but is not boiled. A mechanism is provided to supply at least some of the heated fluid to the shell of the first heat exchanger.

Evaporation panel securing system can include first and second evaporation panels, and a security fastener to secure a male connector (first evaporation panel) within a female-receiving opening (second evaporation panel) in an orthogonally joined orientation, for example. The evaporation panels can include a plurality of evaporation shelves that are laterally elongated, vertically stacked, spaced apart from one another, and horizontally oriented; a plurality of vertical support columns positioned laterally along the plurality of evaporation shelves to provide support and separation to the plurality of evaporation shelves; a plurality of female-receiving openings individually bordered by two evaporation shelves and two support columns; and a plurality of male connectors positioned laterally at ends of the plurality of evaporation panels, wherein the male connectors of the first evaporation panel are releasably joinable with female-receiving openings of the second evaporation panel.

An evaporation device including an agitation vessel to which raw material liquid is supplied. The agitation vessel has a volatile component outlet and a concentrate outlet, a jacket provided on an outer circumference and configured to heat an inner wall, and a liquid-distributing portion configured to cause the raw material liquid to flow down the inner wall. The agitation vessel includes storage portion surrounded by a bottom, the inner wall, and a partition wall portion configured to temporarily store the raw material liquid that flows down, the liquid-distributing portion is constituted by a rotating shaft and at least one channel part having a flow passage which, as the rotating shaft rotates, the raw material liquid temporarily stored in the storage portion flows upward from a lower side of the agitation vessel. The channel part is mounted to the rotating shaft, and the concentrate outlet is provided in the bottom.

A tube heat exchanger extending in a vertical direction, comprising: a first chamber including a lower portion provided with at least one intake inlet for a diphasic fluid including a liquid and a first vapor containing a mist; an upper portion; and a first recovery member passed through by the first vapor and recovering the mist in liquid form, the first vapor next arriving in the upper portion, a central chamber forming liquid films running over the tubes and vaporizing at least partially to produce a second vapor, the tubes being traveled inwardly by a fluid hotter than the diphasic fluid, and a second chamber receiving the first vapor and the second vapor to form a third vapor, and including an outlet for the non-vaporized liquid and an outlet for the third vapor, the first chamber and the second chamber together forming a volume surrounding the central chamber around the vertical direction.