Processes for the separation of water from a mixture of water with other components, comprising the following steps: A) providing feed material FM comprising water and at least one a nonionic surfactant S in an amount of 0.1 to 1000 ppm by weight based on the feed material FM, B) subjecting said feed material FM to a distillation step using a falling film evaporator.

Processes for the separation of water from a mixture of water with other components, comprising the following steps: A) providing feed material FM comprising water and at least one a nonionic surfactant S in an amount of 0.1 to 1000 ppm by weight based on the feed material FM, B) subjecting said feed material FM to a distillation step using a falling film evaporator.

At least one aspect of the technology provides a self-contained processing facility configured to convert organic, high water-content waste, such as fecal sludge and garbage, into electricity while also generating and collecting potable water.

At least one aspect of the technology provides a self-contained processing facility configured to convert organic, high water-content waste, such as fecal sludge and garbage, into electricity while also generating and collecting potable water.

A device and method for changing a fluid from one state to another state, the states comprising a liquid and a vapour state are disclosed. The device comprises: an inlet configured to receive the fluid in a first state; an outlet configured to output the fluid in a second state; and a conduit connecting the inlet to the outlet. The conduit is configured such that a resistance to flow changes along at least a portion of a flow axis within the conduit. The device further comprises a controller configured to control a location of a region within the portion of the conduit in which the fluid changes state by controlling at least one of a temperature of the fluid and a pressure at at least one of the inlet and the outlet.

A device and method for changing a fluid from one state to another state, the states comprising a liquid and a vapour state are disclosed. The device comprises: an inlet configured to receive the fluid in a first state; an outlet configured to output the fluid in a second state; and a conduit connecting the inlet to the outlet. The conduit is configured such that a resistance to flow changes along at least a portion of a flow axis within the conduit. The device further comprises a controller configured to control a location of a region within the portion of the conduit in which the fluid changes state by controlling at least one of a temperature of the fluid and a pressure at at least one of the inlet and the outlet.

Techniques are described herein for using a high-pressure reactor to separate clean water from dirty water without filtration and to extract and concentrate contaminants from dirty water for use as a fuel. In particular, techniques and systems are described for separating water from hydrocarbon contaminates, other BTU-laden compounds, and dissolved minerals, while also boiling water and condensing the resulting steam into distilled water. In addition, system in which the described techniques are performed can be used as a high-pressure pump for moving the separated hydrocarbon contaminates forward into other processes, such as a high-pressure reactor or incinerator.

Techniques are described herein for using a high-pressure reactor to separate clean water from dirty water without filtration and to extract and concentrate contaminants from dirty water for use as a fuel. In particular, techniques and systems are described for separating water from hydrocarbon contaminates, other BTU-laden compounds, and dissolved minerals, while also boiling water and condensing the resulting steam into distilled water. In addition, system in which the described techniques are performed can be used as a high-pressure pump for moving the separated hydrocarbon contaminates forward into other processes, such as a high-pressure reactor or incinerator.

A mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) liquid purification system, in particular an MVR water desalination system, comprising a pressure-tight enclosure (2) provided with a first end (4) and a second end (6), having an essentially circular cylindrical elongated shape along a longitudinal axis A, and numerous evaporation compartments E1-E3, arranged within said enclosure (2) along the longitudinal axis A. Each evaporation compartment is provided with a plurality of longitudinal pipes (10) running from one sidewall (8) to the other sidewall (8), and that the circular sidewalls are provided with openings for said plurality of pipes. The system further comprises a central tube (12) running along the longitudinal axis A of the enclosure (2) through the centers of said evaporation compartments E1-E3, and configured to allow steam to flow from the second end to the first end of the enclosure. The number of pipes (10) is preferably highest in the first evaporation compartment E1, then gradually fewer in the second E2 and third E3. The pipes are configured to allow steam to flow from the first end (4) to the second end (6) of the enclosure (2).

A turbine assembly (14) is arranged in relation to said first end (4) of the enclosure (2) and at least partly within said central tube (12), comprising a turbine provided with turbine vane members (16) structured to provide steam flow in an axial direction, i.e. along the longitudinal axis, within said central tube (12) from said second end (6) to said first end (4) of the enclosure (2). The turbine assembly (14) comprises a motor (20) for rotating said turbine at a variable rotational speed.

A mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) liquid purification system, in particular an MVR water desalination system, comprising a pressure-tight enclosure (2) provided with a first end (4) and a second end (6), having an essentially circular cylindrical elongated shape along a longitudinal axis A, and numerous evaporation compartments E1-E3, arranged within said enclosure (2) along the longitudinal axis A. Each evaporation compartment is provided with a plurality of longitudinal pipes (10) running from one sidewall (8) to the other sidewall (8), and that the circular sidewalls are provided with openings for said plurality of pipes. The system further comprises a central tube (12) running along the longitudinal axis A of the enclosure (2) through the centers of said evaporation compartments E1-E3, and configured to allow steam to flow from the second end to the first end of the enclosure. The number of pipes (10) is preferably highest in the first evaporation compartment E1, then gradually fewer in the second E2 and third E3. The pipes are configured to allow steam to flow from the first end (4) to the second end (6) of the enclosure (2).

A turbine assembly (14) is arranged in relation to said first end (4) of the enclosure (2) and at least partly within said central tube (12), comprising a turbine provided with turbine vane members (16) structured to provide steam flow in an axial direction, i.e. along the longitudinal axis, within said central tube (12) from said second end (6) to said first end (4) of the enclosure (2). The turbine assembly (14) comprises a motor (20) for rotating said turbine at a variable rotational speed.