An apparatus for generating purified liquid from an input liquid, comprises, an evaporation chamber flooded with the input liquid and wherein the evaporation chamber generates saturated gases and comprises a shared wall with the condensation chamber and wherein the evaporation chamber is configured to generate evaporation cavities and condensation cavities on respective sides of the shared wall for a 2-phase counter flow of a liquid phase component and a gaseous phase component in composite flows for a 2-phase to 2-phase direct latent heat exchange. A condensation chamber has channels disposed in the input liquid, wherein liquid-saturated gases are generated therefrom in the evaporation chamber. The apparatus is operated as a four-port counter-flow heat exchanger where two different fluids are exchanging heat based on the inlet ports of both fluids being on opposite sides and the outlet ports of both fluids are also on opposite sides of the evaporator and condenser.

A desalination system that includes a plurality of evaporators that are fluidly connected in series, a primary compressor that is fluidly connected to the evaporators to provide a compressed vapor to the evaporators to run the desalination system, and a secondary compressor that is arranged in parallel relative to the primary compressor, wherein the secondary compressor extracts a portion of vapor from a first evaporator and/or one intermediate evaporator in the series and delivers the vapor to the first evaporator. Various combinations of embodiments of the desalination system are provided.

A desalination system that includes a plurality of evaporators that are fluidly connected in series, a primary compressor that is fluidly connected to the evaporators to provide a compressed vapor to the evaporators to run the desalination system, and a secondary compressor that is arranged in parallel relative to the primary compressor, wherein the secondary compressor extracts a portion of vapor from a first evaporator and/or one intermediate evaporator in the series and delivers the vapor to the first evaporator. Various combinations of embodiments of the desalination system are provided.

A condenser for a vapor compression system includes a shell, a tube bundle, and a tube support structure. The shell has a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet. The tube bundle includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes disposed inside the shell. Refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant inlet is supplied onto the tube bundle. The heat transfer tubes extend generally parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the shell. The tube support structure is configured and arranged to support the plurality of heat transfer tubes in the tube bundle within the shell. The tube support structure includes at least one tube support plate inclined relative to a vertical direction perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis of the shell.

A condenser for a vapor compression system includes a shell, a tube bundle, and a tube support structure. The shell has a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet. The tube bundle includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes disposed inside the shell. Refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant inlet is supplied onto the tube bundle. The heat transfer tubes extend generally parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the shell. The tube support structure is configured and arranged to support the plurality of heat transfer tubes in the tube bundle within the shell. The tube support structure includes at least one tube support plate inclined relative to a vertical direction perpendicular to the longitudinal center axis of the shell.

A method for producing molded articles from a base substance which is mixed with a solvent to produce a molding solution, and subsequently this solvent is at least partially removed from the molding solution and the molding solution is supplied to a device (8) for molding, the molding solution is supplied to a vertical cylindrical thin-film evaporator (2) and a horizontal cylindrical thick-film dissolver (4).

A method for producing molded articles from a base substance which is mixed with a solvent to produce a molding solution, and subsequently this solvent is at least partially removed from the molding solution and the molding solution is supplied to a device (8) for molding, the molding solution is supplied to a vertical cylindrical thin-film evaporator (2) and a horizontal cylindrical thick-film dissolver (4).

The present invention provides an aqueous solution evaporative treatment method that makes it possible to efficiently perform evaporative treatment of an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica. The aqueous solution evaporative treatment method comprises a seed crystal mixing step of adding to and mixing with an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica at least any one of magnesium salt and silicate together with calcium salt as seed crystals, and an evaporative concentration step of evaporatively concentrating the aqueous solution together with the seed crystals.

The present invention provides an aqueous solution evaporative treatment method that makes it possible to efficiently perform evaporative treatment of an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica. The aqueous solution evaporative treatment method comprises a seed crystal mixing step of adding to and mixing with an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica at least any one of magnesium salt and silicate together with calcium salt as seed crystals, and an evaporative concentration step of evaporatively concentrating the aqueous solution together with the seed crystals.

A solar distillation apparatus configured to produce a distillate from a source liquid mixture, including a base member defining at least one flow path, a transparent cover panel spaced apart from the base member to define a volume therebetween; and an intermediate panel positioned between the base member and the transparent cover panel to divide the volume into an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber, wherein the evaporation chamber communicates with the condensation chamber, the flow path of the base member is configured to carry the source liquid mixture in a first direction in the evaporation chamber to increase evaporation of a liquid from the source liquid mixture, and the evaporated liquid is configured to flow from the evaporation chamber in a second and opposite direction into the condensation chamber where the evaporated liquid condenses into the distillate.