Rapid evaporation of water for desalination and dewatering using nanobubbles and micro-droplets is disclosed. Warm nanobubbles of air are injected into seawater or another water source to be treated, and the normal stasis of the nanobubbles is disrupted with ultrasonic energy. The nanobubbles implode and violently recombine into microbubbles. Energized by the effects of the nanobubble state change, these energetic, relatively high surface area microbubbles bubbles quickly rise to the surface of the water, creating an aerosol of micro-water droplets above the surface that is drawn into a dry, warm stream of air and rapidly evaporates, precipitating out salt crystals. The air is then cooled with a chiller, condensing the moisture in the air into fresh water.

The present disclosure is a method of removing contaminants from a feed stream comprising said contaminants and process liquid by bringing the feed stream into contact with a heated heating fluid in or in proximity to a separation vessel thereby causing process liquid to vaporise and flow out of the separation vessel as vapour, after which it can be recovered. Embodiments of the method may include using a heavy heating fluid whose density is higher than that of the feed stream and/or vigorously agitating the pool of heating fluid in the separation vessel.

The present disclosure is a method of removing contaminants from a feed stream comprising said contaminants and process liquid by bringing the feed stream into contact with a heated heating fluid in or in proximity to a separation vessel thereby causing process liquid to vaporise and flow out of the separation vessel as vapour, after which it can be recovered. Embodiments of the method may include using a heavy heating fluid whose density is higher than that of the feed stream and/or vigorously agitating the pool of heating fluid in the separation vessel.

There is provided a film-forming material mixed-gas forming device including: a film-forming material supply unit that supplies a film-forming material in liquid form at a predetermined flow rate; a carrier gas supply unit that supplies a carrier gas at a predetermined flow rate; a main vaporization unit that vaporizes the film-forming material by heating the film-forming material supplied from the film-forming material supply unit and the carrier gas supplied from the carrier gas supply unit; and an auxiliary vaporization unit having a porous vaporization member which captures carried over droplets of the film-forming material in gas flowing out from the main vaporization unit and vaporizes the captured droplets of the film-forming material.

A cooling and desalination system includes a humidification-dehumidification (HDH) system and an ejector cooling cycle (ECC) system. The HDH system includes a heater for heating saline water, a humidifier for humidifying a carrier gas using the saline water, and a dehumidifier for dehumidifying the carrier gas to obtain desalinated water. The ECC system includes a generator for generating a primary flow of a refrigerant, an evaporator for cooling and providing a secondary flow of the refrigerant, an ejector for the primary flow and the secondary flow to pass through to obtain a super-heated stream, and a condenser. The heater and the generator are configured to connect to a heat source. The ECC system and the HDH system are connected at the condenser for heat exchange between the super-heated stream and the saline water to pre-heat the saline water.

A multimode system for cooling and desalination includes a humidification-dehumidification (HDH) system, an ejector cooling cycle (ECC) system and valves. The HDH system includes a heater, a humidifier and a dehumidifier. The ECC system includes a generator, an evaporator, an ejector and a condenser. The valves are configured to connect to inlets and outlets of the heater, the generator and a heat source so that by selectively opening and closing the valves, the heat source is connected to the heater while disconnected from the generator, or connected to the generator while disconnected from the heater, or connected to both the heater and the generator, or disconnected from both the heater and the generator. The ECC system and the HDH system are connected at the condenser for heat exchange.

The disclosure relates to systems and methods for improving the manufacturing of silk solutions and powders containing silk fibroin obtained from silkworm cocoons. The solutions and powders can be used to improve the post-harvest preservation of perishables and to improve the performance of packaging, including biodegradable packaging.

A device capable of stably obtaining gas of a sterilizer containing hydrogen peroxide for a long time is provided. A cleaning device that cleans a heating surface that gasifies a sterilizer of a gasifier for a sterilizer is provided, and after an operation for a fixed time period, the heating surface is cleaned.

A method for evaporatively concentrating a radioactive metal nuclide, including: a first evaporative concentration process in which a radioactive solution formed by dissolving a radioactive metal nuclide in an acidic aqueous solution is heated to evaporate a solvent in the radioactive solution so as to obtain a concentrated liquid containing the radioactive metal nuclide; and a second evaporative concentration process in which a low-boiling organic solvent having a lower boiling point than water is added to the concentrated liquid, and the concentrated liquid is heated to induce azeotropic boiling of the concentrated liquid and the low-boiling organic solvent so as to obtain an evaporative concentrate of the radioactive metal nuclide.

A method for evaporatively concentrating a radioactive metal nuclide, including: a first evaporative concentration process in which a radioactive solution formed by dissolving a radioactive metal nuclide in an acidic aqueous solution is heated to evaporate a solvent in the radioactive solution so as to obtain a concentrated liquid containing the radioactive metal nuclide; and a second evaporative concentration process in which a low-boiling organic solvent having a lower boiling point than water is added to the concentrated liquid, and the concentrated liquid is heated to induce azeotropic boiling of the concentrated liquid and the low-boiling organic solvent so as to obtain an evaporative concentrate of the radioactive metal nuclide.