A floatable interfacial solar-driven evaporation structure includes a water impervious thermal insulation layer adapted to float on a body of water, a porous absorber layer on the water impervious thermal insulation layer, and an interlocked non-woven cotton fiber layer having a portion thereof between the water impervious insulation layer and the porous absorber layer and one or more additional portions configured to extend to the body of water to act as a capillary-driven pump to transport water from the body of water to the porous absorber layer. An ultra-black photothermal paint covers the exposed upper surface of the porous absorber layer to convert solar radiation impinging on the ultra-black photothermal paint into heat for use in generating water vapor from water in the porous absorber layer.

A floatable interfacial solar-driven evaporation structure includes a water impervious thermal insulation layer adapted to float on a body of water, a porous absorber layer on the water impervious thermal insulation layer, and an interlocked non-woven cotton fiber layer having a portion thereof between the water impervious insulation layer and the porous absorber layer and one or more additional portions configured to extend to the body of water to act as a capillary-driven pump to transport water from the body of water to the porous absorber layer. An ultra-black photothermal paint covers the exposed upper surface of the porous absorber layer to convert solar radiation impinging on the ultra-black photothermal paint into heat for use in generating water vapor from water in the porous absorber layer.

A process of converting cannabidiol (CBD) to Δ.sup.8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.8-THC) or Δ.sup.9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.9-THC) can enable mass production of Δ.sup.8-THC and/or Δ.sup.9-THC, achieve greater yields and higher purity in comparison to previously reported processes while eliminating the use of organic solvent. The resultant hemp-derived Δ.sup.8-THC can be mixed with and absorbed by natural extracts, including tea extract, starch, sugar, lecithin, and other emulsifiers. Δ.sup.8-THC used in edible, topical and vaping products such as powdered Δ.sup.8-THC food ingredients, tablets or pills, suppositories, and vape formulations are disclosed. Further described are beverages and baked goods utilizing or incorporating the tablets or powdered Δ.sup.8-THC to create edible products containing an emulsified, tasteless, and odorless dose of Δ.sup.8-THC. The disclosure also describes a rectal suppository designed to provide improved comfort of use. A Δ.sup.8-THC liquid composition can be use in an electronic cigarette smoking device for pulmonary administration of Δ.sup.8-THC, which results in more effective absorption.

A process of converting cannabidiol (CBD) to Δ.sup.8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.8-THC) or Δ.sup.9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.9-THC) can enable mass production of Δ.sup.8-THC and/or Δ.sup.9-THC, achieve greater yields and higher purity in comparison to previously reported processes while eliminating the use of organic solvent. The resultant hemp-derived Δ.sup.8-THC can be mixed with and absorbed by natural extracts, including tea extract, starch, sugar, lecithin, and other emulsifiers. Δ.sup.8-THC used in edible, topical and vaping products such as powdered Δ.sup.8-THC food ingredients, tablets or pills, suppositories, and vape formulations are disclosed. Further described are beverages and baked goods utilizing or incorporating the tablets or powdered Δ.sup.8-THC to create edible products containing an emulsified, tasteless, and odorless dose of Δ.sup.8-THC. The disclosure also describes a rectal suppository designed to provide improved comfort of use. A Δ.sup.8-THC liquid composition can be use in an electronic cigarette smoking device for pulmonary administration of Δ.sup.8-THC, which results in more effective absorption.

A vaporizing apparatus for thin film deposition is provided. The vaporizing apparatus includes an atomizer configured to mix a source injected through a source inlet and a carrier gas injected through a carrier gas inlet and spray a mixed gas, a vaporizing unit including a first vaporization area and a second vaporization area, which are configured to vaporize the mixed gas sprayed from the atomizer, and configured to discharge a vaporized gas as a process gas through an outlet, and a heating unit configured to maintain the mixed gas in the vaporizing unit at a fixed temperature. The heating unit includes a first heating part arranged to surround the first vaporization area and configured to maintain the temperature of the mixed gas in the first vaporization area and a second heating part arranged to enclose the second vaporization area with the first heating part and configured to maintain the temperature of the mixed gas in the second vaporizing space.

A process of and apparatus for dehydrating an alcohol/water mixture may include pressurizing the mixture to at least 40 psig, heating the pressurized mixture to a temperature of at least 170° F., passing the heated and pressurized mixture through at least one Zeolite separator to produce separate streams of water and pressurized and heated dehydrated alcohol, and using the pressurized and heated dehydrated alcohol to at least in part heat pressurized mixture and to cool the pressurized and heated dehydrated alcohol. At least some implementations may include cooling the pressurized and heated dehydrated alcohol to a temperature below its boiling point at atmospheric pressure. At least some implementations may include applying a vacuum to the water stream side of the Zeolite separator. At least some implementations may include cooling the stream of water to a temperature of less than about 200° F.

An evaporator apparatus, system, and method can be utilized for separating, purifying, and refining contaminated fluids. The evaporator comprises a burner, a conically shaped heat sink to form an evaporate from the fluids with profiles arranged on the liquid contacting surface a unique multiple surfaced apparatus for collecting the evaporate, condensing the evaporate as purified water separating it from the evaporator, a device for collecting the unevaporated brine.

A system and method for decontaminating a fluid and recovered vapor, particularly processing and recycling contaminated water, utilizing a vaporizer-desalination unit to separate a contaminated water flow into a contaminated disposal flow and a clean water vapor flow. The contaminated disposal flow may be dried and separated into recovered minerals utilizing heat from the clean water vapor flow to dry the contaminated disposal flow.

The invention relates to the field of olefin oligomerization to obtain liner α-olefins, particularly to a method of separating olefin oligomerization products using an evaporator. The invention includes two embodiments of the method of separating the oligomerization reaction product streams. In accordance with the first embodiment of the invention, the oligomerization reaction product stream after the step of isolating an initial olefin is fed into an evaporator to the step of separating the oligomerization reaction product steam. In accordance with the second embodiment of the invention, the oligomerization reaction product stream after the step of isolating the initial olefin is separated into two streams, the first part of which is fed into the separation column, and the second part is fed into the evaporator. The invention allows to minimize a quantity of technological equipment contaminated by the by-product polymer.

A solar-powered system including a chamber that is bordered by an evaporation layer and a condensation layer; and a photothermal layer located over the evaporation layer so that sun rays incident on the photothermal layer are transformed into heat and the heat is supplied to the evaporation layer for evaporating water. The sun rays incident on the photothermal layer do not pass through the condensation layer prior to arriving at the photothermal layer.