This disclosure relates to methods of upgrading hydrocarbon feed stream, which can include separating the hydrocarbon feed stream into a heavy fraction and a light fraction, hydrotreating an aromatic feed stream with at least a first catalyst in a first reactor comprising hydrogen to produce a first product effluent, combining the heavy fraction with at least a portion of the first product effluent to form a mixed stream, and hydrotreating the mixed stream with one or more second catalysts in a second reactor comprising hydrogen to produce a second product effluent.

Multi-effect-distillation (MED) systems of several designs are among the most energy-efficient technologies used in seawater desalination, throughout the world today; typically, energy consumed being <15 kWh / m^3 distillate produced. One caveat in all MED systems is the disposition of the brine-waste reject product with respect to the environment; per unit volume fresh water produced, typically, two units of waste brine media with salinity in excess of 50 g/l, must be dispersed responsibly. Herein is described a MEDX design coupled with thermal-vapor-expanders (TVX) utilizing energy recovered in said brine-waste media, wherein salt-gradient-solar-ponds (SGSP) are used alongside molten salts single-temperature thermal energy storage (SITTES) as principle thermal energy sources (TES) redirected to the MEDX plant, 24/7. Quantifiable electric power production and an additional ~2500 m^3/d distillate, is attained above that produced in a hypothetical 20-effect MEDX plant thru recycling said waste brines into said 20-effect MEDX plant, integrating both flash-chambers (FC) and negative pressure tanks (NPT) in the fore and end-stages, respectively of said MEDX plant.

Methods of refining a whole crude oil stream. The methods involve first processing the crude either through a hydrotreating reactor comprising a dewaxing reactor bed or a flash evaporation separator. The treated streams are then further processed through a demetalization reactor bed, a hydroprocessing reactor bed, or both. The stream can then be still further processed via additional hydrotreating, distillation, or both.

Methods of refining a whole crude oil stream. The methods involve first processing the crude either through a hydrotreating reactor comprising a dewaxing reactor bed or a flash evaporation separator. The treated streams are then further processed through a demetalization reactor bed, a hydroprocessing reactor bed, or both. The stream can then be still further processed via additional hydrotreating, distillation, or both.

A process to produce pitch, the process comprising the steps of introducing a depressurized effluent to a flash column; separating the depressurized effluent in the flash column to produce a liquid product; introducing the liquid product to a dweller; operating the dweller at a temperature between 350° C. and 500° C., a pressure between 0.1 psig and 10 psig, and a residence time between 30 minutes and 4 hours to produce a pitch stream and a reaction gas stream, wherein the dweller is a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), wherein dehydrogenative polymerization reactions occur in the dweller to produce pitch, wherein the inert gas stream is operable to remove volatile components from the liquid product; removing a pitch stream from the dweller, wherein the pitch stream comprises the pitch; and removing a reaction gas stream, wherein the reaction gas stream comprises the volatile components and nitrogen.

A process to produce pitch, the process comprising the steps of introducing a depressurized effluent to a flash column; separating the depressurized effluent in the flash column to produce a liquid product; introducing the liquid product to a dweller; operating the dweller at a temperature between 350° C. and 500° C., a pressure between 0.1 psig and 10 psig, and a residence time between 30 minutes and 4 hours to produce a pitch stream and a reaction gas stream, wherein the dweller is a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), wherein dehydrogenative polymerization reactions occur in the dweller to produce pitch, wherein the inert gas stream is operable to remove volatile components from the liquid product; removing a pitch stream from the dweller, wherein the pitch stream comprises the pitch; and removing a reaction gas stream, wherein the reaction gas stream comprises the volatile components and nitrogen.

A bubble-column-humidification apparatus includes a humidifier chamber configured to receive the feed liquid from a feed-liquid source. A bubble distributor is contained in the humidifier chamber; and a humidifier bath of the feed liquid is also contained in the humidifier chamber above the bubble distributor. The feed liquid forms a continuous and majority phase of the humidifier bath and fills a majority of the humidifier chamber, which has a width at least twice as great as its height. A lower gas region is located below the bubble distributor and the humidifier bath in the humidifier chamber and is configured to receive a carrier gas from a carrier-gas source and to disperse the carrier gas through the bubble distributor. The carrier gas in the lower gas region has a pressure greater than the hydrostatic pressure of the humidifier bath.

This disclosure relates to new processes to produce high paraffinic diesel from crude oil, such as tight oil from the Permian basin. This disclosure also relates to high paraffinic diesel compositions and high paraffinic diesel blends.

This disclosure relates to new processes to produce high paraffinic diesel from crude oil, such as tight oil from the Permian basin. This disclosure also relates to high paraffinic diesel compositions and high paraffinic diesel blends.

The separation method separates a polyalcohol compound from water, so as to obtain a purified product stream comprising the polyalcohol compound in output concentration of at least 90 wt %. Thereto, a mixture of the polyalcohol compound and water is provided, said mixture having a polyalcohol concentration. The polyalcohol concentration of mixture is increased in an evaporation stage, at least a portion of which is operated in at first pressure. Subsequently, the mixture is treated in distillation stage to be deliver the stream comprising the polyalcohol compound in the output concentration of at least 90 wt %, which distillation stage is operated at a second pressure. Herein, the distillation stage is operated to produce steam output, that optionally compressed to a third pressure and is coupled to the evaporation stage. The second pressure and/or any third pressure is higher than first pressure. The reactor system is configured for performing the separation method.