[Objective] An object is to provide a method for producing a diol by which diols having a favorable color scale and containing a reduced amount of an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon can be produced.

[Solution] A method for producing a diol, including a) supplying metaboric acid, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a reaction gas containing molecular oxygen to a reactor and performing liquid-phase oxidation of the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with the reaction gas containing molecular oxygen in the presence of metaboric acid to obtain a reaction liquid containing an oxide, b) esterifying the oxide to obtain a reaction liquid containing a borate compound, c) separating the reaction liquid containing a borate compound into an unreacted saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a distillation residue by distillation, d) separating the distillation residue into orthoboric acid and an organic layer by hydrolysis, e) separating the organic layer into an alkali aqueous solution layer and a crude alcohol layer by saponification with an alkali, and f) performing first distillation on the crude alcohol layer to remove a monoalcohol, and then performing second distillation on the residual liquid under conditions of a temperature of lower than 250° C. and a residence time of shorter than 60 minutes.

[Objective] An object is to provide a method for producing a diol by which diols having a favorable color scale and containing a reduced amount of an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon can be produced.

[Solution] A method for producing a diol, including a) supplying metaboric acid, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a reaction gas containing molecular oxygen to a reactor and performing liquid-phase oxidation of the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with the reaction gas containing molecular oxygen in the presence of metaboric acid to obtain a reaction liquid containing an oxide, b) esterifying the oxide to obtain a reaction liquid containing a borate compound, c) separating the reaction liquid containing a borate compound into an unreacted saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a distillation residue by distillation, d) separating the distillation residue into orthoboric acid and an organic layer by hydrolysis, e) separating the organic layer into an alkali aqueous solution layer and a crude alcohol layer by saponification with an alkali, and f) performing first distillation on the crude alcohol layer to remove a monoalcohol, and then performing second distillation on the residual liquid under conditions of a temperature of lower than 250° C. and a residence time of shorter than 60 minutes.

A process of converting cannabidiol (CBD) to Δ.sup.8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.8-THC) or Δ.sup.9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.9-THC) can enable mass production of Δ.sup.8-THC and/or Δ.sup.9-THC, achieve greater yields and higher purity in comparison to previously reported processes while eliminating the use of organic solvent. The resultant hemp-derived Δ.sup.8-THC can be mixed with and absorbed by natural extracts, including tea extract, starch, sugar, lecithin, and other emulsifiers. Δ.sup.8-THC used in edible, topical and vaping products such as powdered Δ.sup.8-THC food ingredients, tablets or pills, suppositories, and vape formulations are disclosed. Further described are beverages and baked goods utilizing or incorporating the tablets or powdered Δ.sup.8-THC to create edible products containing an emulsified, tasteless, and odorless dose of Δ.sup.8-THC. The disclosure also describes a rectal suppository designed to provide improved comfort of use. A Δ.sup.8-THC liquid composition can be use in an electronic cigarette smoking device for pulmonary administration of Δ.sup.8-THC, which results in more effective absorption.

A process of converting cannabidiol (CBD) to Δ.sup.8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.8-THC) or Δ.sup.9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.9-THC) can enable mass production of Δ.sup.8-THC and/or Δ.sup.9-THC, achieve greater yields and higher purity in comparison to previously reported processes while eliminating the use of organic solvent. The resultant hemp-derived Δ.sup.8-THC can be mixed with and absorbed by natural extracts, including tea extract, starch, sugar, lecithin, and other emulsifiers. Δ.sup.8-THC used in edible, topical and vaping products such as powdered Δ.sup.8-THC food ingredients, tablets or pills, suppositories, and vape formulations are disclosed. Further described are beverages and baked goods utilizing or incorporating the tablets or powdered Δ.sup.8-THC to create edible products containing an emulsified, tasteless, and odorless dose of Δ.sup.8-THC. The disclosure also describes a rectal suppository designed to provide improved comfort of use. A Δ.sup.8-THC liquid composition can be use in an electronic cigarette smoking device for pulmonary administration of Δ.sup.8-THC, which results in more effective absorption.

The present invention describes a method to produce high purity hydrocarbon materials from renewable sources. The produced materials are chemically indistinguishable from highly refined mineral oils and/or synthetic hydrocarbons. These renewable hydrocarbon materials can be used as a drop-in replacement for mineral and synthetic hydrocarbon base oils, process fluids, white oils in products such as lubricants, rubber, personal care, pharma.

The present invention describes a method to produce high purity hydrocarbon materials from renewable sources. The produced materials are chemically indistinguishable from highly refined mineral oils and/or synthetic hydrocarbons. These renewable hydrocarbon materials can be used as a drop-in replacement for mineral and synthetic hydrocarbon base oils, process fluids, white oils in products such as lubricants, rubber, personal care, pharma.

A method for reducing mineral oil content in edible vegetable oil includes the following steps carrying out the molecular distillation on the edible vegetable oil having mineral oil exceedance; mixing water, the vegetable oil and an emulsifier with stirring to form an unstable emulsion; standing the emulsion for 1 to 5 hours for layer separation to form oil phase and emulsified phase, or oil phase, emulsified phase and water phase, and then separating different phases; freezing the oil phase after stirring, and then treating the oil phase with high-voltage pulsed electric field followed by ultrafiltration to obtain a vegetable oil I; subjecting the emulsion phase to low-temperature plasma treatment and then to high-voltage pulsed electric field treatment to break emulsion, drawing the upper oil phase for ultrafiltration followed by molecular distillation to obtain a vegetable oil II.

A method for reducing mineral oil content in edible vegetable oil includes the following steps carrying out the molecular distillation on the edible vegetable oil having mineral oil exceedance; mixing water, the vegetable oil and an emulsifier with stirring to form an unstable emulsion; standing the emulsion for 1 to 5 hours for layer separation to form oil phase and emulsified phase, or oil phase, emulsified phase and water phase, and then separating different phases; freezing the oil phase after stirring, and then treating the oil phase with high-voltage pulsed electric field followed by ultrafiltration to obtain a vegetable oil I; subjecting the emulsion phase to low-temperature plasma treatment and then to high-voltage pulsed electric field treatment to break emulsion, drawing the upper oil phase for ultrafiltration followed by molecular distillation to obtain a vegetable oil II.

[Objective] An object is to provide a method for producing a diol by which diols having a favorable color scale and containing a reduced amount of an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon can be produced. [Solution] A method for producing a diol, including a) supplying metaboric acid, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a reaction gas containing molecular oxygen to a reactor and performing liquid-phase oxidation of the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with the reaction gas containing molecular oxygen in the presence of metaboric acid to obtain a reaction liquid containing an oxide, b) esterifying the oxide to obtain a reaction liquid containing a borate compound, c) separating the reaction liquid containing a borate compound into an unreacted saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a distillation residue by distillation, d) separating the distillation residue into orthoboric acid and an organic layer by hydrolysis, e) separating the organic layer into an alkali aqueous solution layer and a crude alcohol layer by saponification with an alkali, and f) performing first distillation on the crude alcohol layer to remove a monoalcohol, and then performing second distillation on the residual liquid under conditions of a temperature of lower than 250° C. and a residence time of shorter than 60 minutes.

[Objective] An object is to provide a method for producing a diol by which diols having a favorable color scale and containing a reduced amount of an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon can be produced. [Solution] A method for producing a diol, including a) supplying metaboric acid, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a reaction gas containing molecular oxygen to a reactor and performing liquid-phase oxidation of the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon with the reaction gas containing molecular oxygen in the presence of metaboric acid to obtain a reaction liquid containing an oxide, b) esterifying the oxide to obtain a reaction liquid containing a borate compound, c) separating the reaction liquid containing a borate compound into an unreacted saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon and a distillation residue by distillation, d) separating the distillation residue into orthoboric acid and an organic layer by hydrolysis, e) separating the organic layer into an alkali aqueous solution layer and a crude alcohol layer by saponification with an alkali, and f) performing first distillation on the crude alcohol layer to remove a monoalcohol, and then performing second distillation on the residual liquid under conditions of a temperature of lower than 250° C. and a residence time of shorter than 60 minutes.