A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil, the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil is compliant with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and the Environmental Contaminants, which are selected from the group consisting of: a sulfur; vanadium, nickel, iron, aluminum and silicon and combinations thereof, have concentration less than 0.5 wt %. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil can be used as or as a blending stock for an ISO 8217 compliant, IMO MARPOL Annex VI (revised) compliant low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for separation of sulfurous material(s) from a multi-component feed stream. The systems and methods can comprise contacting the multi-component feed stream with a solvent in a contacting column so that at least a portion of the sulfurous material(s) is transferred from the multi-component feed stream to the solvent. A stream of a substantially purified gas can thus be provided along with a liquid stream comprising at least a majority of the sulfurous material. In particular, the solvent can comprise liquid carbon dioxide, which can be particularly beneficial for removing sulfurous materials from multi-component feed streams.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for separation of sulfurous material(s) from a multi-component feed stream. The systems and methods can comprise contacting the multi-component feed stream with a solvent in a contacting column so that at least a portion of the sulfurous material(s) is transferred from the multi-component feed stream to the solvent. A stream of a substantially purified gas can thus be provided along with a liquid stream comprising at least a majority of the sulfurous material. In particular, the solvent can comprise liquid carbon dioxide, which can be particularly beneficial for removing sulfurous materials from multi-component feed streams.

A manufacturing method of a perovskite film and a composition for preparing the perovskite film. The manufacturing method of the perovskite film comprises a step of manufacturing a first mixed solution, a step of manufacturing a second mixed solution, a low pressure distillation step, a coating step, and a drying step. The technical effect of the present disclosure is to provide the manufacturing method of the perovskite film and the composition for manufacturing the perovskite film, wherein the perovskite film comprises components of a metal halide and an organic halogen salt to adjust absorption wavelengths and emission wavelengths by modulating components and concentration of each component and makes the perovskite film have a higher transmittance in the visible light band. When ultraviolet light illuminates the perovskite film, the perovskite film can produce visible light due to photoluminescence effect of the perovskite material in the perovskite film, thereby achieving display effect.

Various aspects of this patent document relate to a method to extract an oil from a plant material using an apparatus by first exposing the plant material to a heated gas stream at a temperature sufficient to volatilize the oil from the plant material, and then rapidly cooling the gas stream to liquefy the oil.

The application provides in an aspect a process for producing urea in a urea plant comprising a high pressure synthesis section comprising a reactor, wherein the process comprises reacting NH.sub.3 feed and CO.sub.2 feed under urea formation conditions in said reactor to form a urea synthesis solution comprising urea, water, carbamate and ammonia, wherein the process further comprises contacting a carbamate—containing liquid stream with an equipment part of said high pressure synthesis section that is made of a ferritic steel alloy.

The invention relates to a method for purifying at least one reaction product of at least one diisocyanate, comprising at least the following steps: (A) providing a mixture A at least containing the at least one reaction product of the at least one diisocyanate and, if applicable, the at least one diisocyanate, (B) adding, if applicable more of, at lease one diisocyanate to mixture A from step (A) in order to obtain a mixture B, and (C) separating off the at least one diisocyanate from mixture B from step (B) by distillation in order to obtain the purified at least one reaction product of the at least one diisocyanate. Furthermore, the present invention comprises the reaction product of at least one diisocyanate which can be obtained by the method according to the invention and the use thereof for producing polyurethane foams, polyurethane hydrogels, polyurethane elastomers, varnishes and bonding adhesives.

The invention relates to a method for purifying at least one reaction product of at least one diisocyanate, comprising at least the following steps: (A) providing a mixture A at least containing the at least one reaction product of the at least one diisocyanate and, if applicable, the at least one diisocyanate, (B) adding, if applicable more of, at lease one diisocyanate to mixture A from step (A) in order to obtain a mixture B, and (C) separating off the at least one diisocyanate from mixture B from step (B) by distillation in order to obtain the purified at least one reaction product of the at least one diisocyanate. Furthermore, the present invention comprises the reaction product of at least one diisocyanate which can be obtained by the method according to the invention and the use thereof for producing polyurethane foams, polyurethane hydrogels, polyurethane elastomers, varnishes and bonding adhesives.

Methods, systems, and techniques for desalinating a saltwater using a humidifier unit. The humidifier unit has a housing, which has a carrier gas inlet and a saltwater inlet. The humidifier unit also includes a packing, within the housing, having a surface with a critical surface tension of less than 25 mN/m according to the Zisman method. The packing is arranged to facilitate a saltwater that enters the housing through the saltwater inlet and a carrier gas that enters the housing through the carrier gas inlet to contact each other. The contact facilitates evaporation of the saltwater, which produces salt solids on at least a surface of the packing, a humidified gas and a concentrated brine.

A method for producing methyl methacrylate including: a distillation step including: supplying a reaction solution, which is obtained by subjecting methacrolein, methanol, and molecular oxygen to oxidative esterification in an oxidative esterification reactor and which contains the methyl methacrylate as a reaction product, to a first distillation column located at downstream of the oxidative esterification reactor, extracting a fraction containing the methacrolein and the methanol from a medium section of the first distillation column, and extracting a column bottom liquid containing the methyl methacrylate from a column bottom of the first distillation column, wherein a concentration of the methanol in the column bottom liquid is 1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.