A method of recovering an extraction aid from distillers corn oil, by directing stillage containing distillers oil and an extraction aid to a centrifugal separator, recovering a light phase from the centrifugal separator, the light phase containing at least a portion of the distillers oil and at least a portion of the extraction aid, cooling the light phase and causing a precipitate to form, and recovering a precipitate from the cooled light phase containing at least a portion of the extraction aid. A method of recovering distillers oil.

A process for treating wastewater or waste brines that include sodium and chloride ions. The waste brine is concentrated and thereafter directed to a Mirabilite crystallizer that produces hydrated sulfate salt crystals and a first solution. The hydrated crystals are melted to form an aqueous sulfate solution that is directed to a sodium sulfate crystallizer which produces sodium sulfate salt crystals. The first solution produced by the Mirabilite crystallizer is directed to a nanofiltration device which produces a permeate stream and a reject stream containing sulfate removed by the nanofiltration device. The permeate stream is directed to a sodium chloride crystallizer that produces sodium chloride salt crystals. The reject stream is recycled to the Mirabilite crystallizer.

In alternative embodiments, provided are industrial processes and methods for extracting or removing cannabinoids, flavonoids and terpenes from plant materials such as trichomes. In alternative embodiments, the cannabinoids, flavonoids and terpenes are extracted or removed from the plant materials using a non-polar, organic solvent, or a mixture of non-polar, organic solvent and polar, organic solvent.

In alternative embodiments, provided are industrial processes and methods for extracting or removing cannabinoids, flavonoids and terpenes from plant materials such as trichomes. In alternative embodiments, the cannabinoids, flavonoids and terpenes are extracted or removed from the plant materials using a non-polar, organic solvent, or a mixture of non-polar, organic solvent and polar, organic solvent.

The present invention relates to the extraction of lithium from liquid resources, such as natural and synthetic brines, leachate solutions from clays and minerals, and recycled products.

Benzene and/or monochlorobenzene were chlorinated with molecular chlorine to obtain paradichlorobenzene with high selectivity. A batch reactor was used for this purpose, with a highly selective catalytic system consisting of SbCl.sub.3 and a phenothiazine derivative. The entire process was improved with the introduction of a new catalytic system recovery method, which was based on returning the mother liquid containing the catalytic system to the process after prior separation from the fresh post-reaction mixture by distillation of unreacted raw materials under reduced pressure and recycling them, as well as crystallization of paradichlorobenzene from the depleted liquid after vacuum distillation.

Aspects of the disclosure include crystalline solids of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol and 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane. Methods for preparing the crystalline solids of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol and single crystals of 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane are also provided. Methods for preparing a 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane from a crystalline solid of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol are also described.

The invention relates to a continuous method for obtaining a crystalline monosaccharide, comprising: continuous crystallization of the monosaccharide in a main crystallizer (10), wherein crystallization by evaporation and/or crystallization by cooling is carried out continuously on a crystal suspension in the main crystallizer in order to allow crystals of the monosaccharide to grow in the crystal suspension; separation of crystals of the monosaccharide out of the crystal suspension to obtain crystalline monosaccharide; continuous formation of a mass of crystallization magma for the main crystallizer (10) in a cascade, wherein the cascade comprises at least one first stage (13) and a final stage (15) connected in series and each stage comprises at least one pre-crystallizer (13A, 15A), wherein, in the at least one pre-crystallizer (13A) of the first stage (13), a solution is seeded with monosaccharide by means of monosaccharide seed crystals in order to obtain a pre-crystallization magma, and a mass of crystallization magma for the downstream stage (14, 15) is formed from the pre-crystallization magma by means of crystallization by cooling and/or crystallization by evaporation, and wherein a solution containing monosaccharide and a mass of crystallization magma from the upstream stage is supplied to the at least one pre-crystallizer (15A, 15B, 15C) of the final stage (15) to obtain a pre-crystallization magma, and in the at least one pre-crystallizer (15A, 15B, 15C) of the final stage (15) a mass of crystallization magma for the main crystallizer (10) is formed from the pre-crystallisation magma by means of crystallization by cooling and/or crystallization by evaporation; the continuous supply of a solution containing the monosaccharide and a mass of crystallization magma from the at least one pre-crystallizer (15A, 15B, 15C) of the final stage (15) of the cascade to the main crystallizer (10) to provide the crystal suspension.

Variable-scale, modular, easily manufacturable, energy efficient, reliable, and computer operated Insect Production Superstructure Systems (IPSS) and Farming Superstructure Systems (FSS) may be used to produce cannabis, insects, and psilocybin mushrooms for human and animal consumption, and for the extraction and use of lipids, drugs, and chemicals for applications involving medicine, nanotechnology, consumer products, pharmaceuticals, pet food, and chemical production with minimal water, feedstock, and environmental impact.

An apparatus for generating dialysate for dialysis comprising a dialysate outlet and a dialysate inlet and dialysate purifying means, wherein the purifying means comprise a cryopurifier for generating pure water, wherein the inlet of the cryopurifier is connected to the dialysate outlet and the outlet of the cryopurifier is connected to the dialysate inlet; and a method for reclaiming of fresh dialysate from ultrafiltrate and wasted dialysate extracted from a dialysis patient, comprising the following steps: preparing an ice slurry from the dialysate, wherein the ice slurry contains ice crystals and a liquid containing solutes; and separating the ice crystals from the liquid containing the solutes.