A solids removal apparatus for glycol reclamation includes a first tubular, a second tubular, and a strainer. The first tubular includes an open end configured to receive a brine stream including solid material. The second tubular is connected to and protrudes from the first tubular. The second tubular is configured to discharge an outlet stream. The strainer is disposed within the second tubular. The strainer is configured to prevent at least a portion of the solid material from flowing through the strainer, such that the outlet stream discharging from the second tubular has a solids content that is less than a solids content of the brine stream.

A continuous process for producing crystalline ammonium sulfate, said process comprising a start-up operation followed by a steady-state operation, wherein the start-up operation comprises: i) in a crystallizer, evaporating solvent from an approximately saturated ammonium sulfate solution; ii) replacing evaporated solvent with further approximately proximately saturated ammonium sulfate solution; iii) introducing to the crystallizer seed crystals of ammonium sulfate; iv) continuing to evaporate solvent, until a desired degree of supersaturation is reached; and v) recovering crystalline ammonium sulfate from ammonium sulfate solution in a recovery unit, and the steady-state operation comprises: vi) continuously feeding approximately saturated ammonium sulfate solution into the crystallizer and continuously withdrawing ammonium sulfate crystals from the crystallizer, such that the total combined volume of ammonium sulfate solution and ammonium sulfate crystals within the crystallizer remains constant; and vii) recovering crystalline ammonium sulfate from ammonium sulfate solution in a recovery unit, characterized in that the degree of supersaturation in the crystallizer during the start-up operation is maintained between 1.2% and the point at which primary nucleation occurs; and apparatus suitable for carrying out the process.

A method of generating an oligosaccharide encapsulated cannabidiol (CBD) formulation includes forming a cannabidiol ethanol mixture comprising ethanol and cannabidiol, forming an oligosaccharide CBD slurry by mixing the oligosaccharide with the cannabidiol ethanol mixture. The slurry is heated and mixed in a pressurized chamber to form a colloidal mixture, which is distributed into a tray as a layer. A cover is added to the tray to form an evaporation vessel, which is heated in a heating chamber. A rapid cooling process is performed on the colloidal mixture layer by removing the cover and spraying pulverized dry ice on the layer. The rapid cooling process is repeated until crystal formation is detected within the layer, the crystals including oligosaccharide encapsulated cannabidiol. An oligosaccharide encapsulated cannabidiol formulation includes cannabidiol and at least one oligosaccharide in a ratio in the range between about 1000:1 to 2200:1 (w/w) of CBD.

Microfluidic devices and methods for investigating crystallization and/or for controlling a reaction or a phase transition are disclosed. In one embodiment, the microfluidic device includes a reservoir layer; a membrane disposed on the reservoir layer; a wetting control layer disposed on the membrane; and a storage layer disposed on the wetting control layer, wherein the wetting control layer and the storage layer define a microfluidic channel comprising an upstream portion, a downstream portion, a first fluid path in communication with the upstream and the downstream portions, and a storage well positioned within the first fluid path, wherein the wetting control layer includes a fluid passageway in communication with the storage well and the membrane, and wherein the wetting control layer wets a first fluid introduced into the microfluidic channel, the first fluid comprising a hydrophilic, lipophilic, fluorophilic or gas phase as the continuous phase in the microfluidic channel.

An apparatus for generating dialysate for dialysis comprising a dialysate outlet and a dialysate inlet and dialysate purifying means, wherein the purifying means comprise a cryopurifier for generating pure water, wherein the inlet of the cryopurifier is connected to the dialysate outlet and the outlet of the cryopurifier is connected to the dialysate inlet; and a method for reclaiming of fresh dialysate from ultrafiltrate and wasted dialysate extracted from a dialysis patient, comprising the following steps: preparing an ice slurry from the dialysate, wherein the ice slurry contains ice crystals and a liquid containing solutes; and separating the ice crystals from the liquid containing the solutes.

A chemical reaction device that supplies a raw material liquid into a solution and causes particles to precipitate in the solution is provided. The chemical reaction device includes an agitation tank configured to accommodate the solution, an impeller configured to agitate the solution, and a plurality of discharge parts configured to discharge the raw material liquid into the solution.

A water treatment system comprising a mechanical vapour compression apparatus (11), the mechanical vapour apparatus having a evaporation/condensation vessel (11a) and a recirculation circuit (20) whereby recirculated water is pumped from an outlet (18a) of the evaporation/condensation vessel (11A) to an inlet (18B) of the evaporation/condensation vessel (11A), wherein the recirculation circuit (20) comprises a fluidized bed crystallizer (22), and at least part of the recirculated brine is passed through the fluidized bed crystallizer (22) to remove dissolved minerals therefrom.

A thermal desalination system, comprising a multi-effect evaporator comprising a plurality of effects, configured to produce product water and brine and a fluidized bed crystallizer, configured to remove dissolved minerals and/or solids from the water, wherein the fluidized bed crystallizer is disposed between at least two effects of the multi-effect evaporator.

The present invention provides an aqueous solution evaporative treatment method that makes it possible to efficiently perform evaporative treatment of an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica. The aqueous solution evaporative treatment method comprises a seed crystal mixing step of adding to and mixing with an aqueous solution containing calcium, magnesium, and silica at least any one of magnesium salt and silicate together with calcium salt as seed crystals, and an evaporative concentration step of evaporatively concentrating the aqueous solution together with the seed crystals.

Liquid flow in a reaction processing vessel 10 is set to a spiral flow, a liquid A and B as an additional liquid containing an inorganic substance to be added is injected at a center-side position with respect to an inner surface of the reaction processing vessel 10 in a reaction field of the reaction processing vessel 10 so as to perform reaction processing.