The present invention related to the use of compounds of general formula (I) for separations of rare earth elements (lanthanides) by precipitation, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H; —CH2COOH; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 areindependently selected from the group consisting of H; OH; —NO2; —COOH; phenyl; and/or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 The invention further relates to a method of separation of rare earth elements by precipitation. together with two neighbouring carbon atoms of the aromatic ring form a six-membered aromatic ring.

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A system and method for producing minerals from divalent ion-containing brine stream includes rejecting sulfate from a divalent-ion rich reject stream in a first nanofiltration seawater reverse osmosis (NF-SWRO) unit, producing solid calcium sulfate dihydrate and a magnesium-rich brine stream in a first concentration unit, concentrating the magnesium-rich brine stream to a saturation point of sodium chloride in a second concentration unit, producing solid sodium chloride and a supernatant product stream in a first crystallizing unit, produce a concentrated magnesium-rich bittern stream from the supernatant product stream in a third concentration unit, and at least one of producing hydrated magnesium chloride from the concentrated magnesium-rich bittern stream in a second crystallizing unit and producing anhydrous magnesium chloride by prilling the concentrated magnesium-rich bitterns stream under a hydrogen chloride atmosphere in a dry air process unit.

An improved method of lithium recovery from borax dilute solution is provided. In this method, boron in the borax dilute solution is removed from the medium as borax decahydrate and while this removal process is carried out, liquid-liquid extraction with organic sedimentary chemicals or ion exchange resins are not used.

A method for preparing a purified styrene composition with a styrene yield of at least 80%. The method comprises providing a crude composition containing styrene, and subjecting the crude composition to at least one crystallization step. The at least one crystallization step comprises at least one static crystallization stage and at least one dynamic crystallization stage.

The present invention provides microfabricated substrates and methods of conducting reactions within these substrates. The reactions occur in plugs transported in the flow of a carrier-fluid.

The present invention relates to an electrode active material, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same. A method for producing carbide using bean curd or waste bean curd according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: drying bean curd or waste bean curd; thermally treating the dried bean curd or waste bean curd under an air atmosphere; and carbonizing the thermally treated bean curd or waste bean curd under an inert gas atmosphere.

The present invention provides microfabricated substrates and methods of conducting reactions within these substrates. The reactions occur in plugs transported in the flow of a carrier-fluid.

The present invention provides microfabricated substrates and methods of conducting reactions within these substrates. The reactions occur in plugs transported in the flow of a carrier-fluid.

A filtering and concentrating apparatus having a stirring function for small ternary precursor particles, comprising a barrel (100). One end of the barrel (100) is provided with a first closure (101), and the other end of the barrel (100) is provided with a second closure (102). The barrel (100) or the first closure (101) or the second closure (102) is provided with a feed port (103). One or more discharge pipes (200) are provided on the inner wall of the barrel (100). Microporous filtering mediums (300) communicated with the interior of the discharge pipe (200) are provided on the discharge pipe (200). An end portion of the discharge pipe (200) is communicated with the exterior of the barrel (100). A stirring means (800) is provided inside the barrel (100).

A method for crystallizing calcium nitrate from an aqueous calcium nitrate composition including from 6 to 12 weight % nitric acid, from 11 to 17 weight % phosphoric acid, and from 36 to 49 weight % dissolved calcium nitrate, which aqueous composition is optionally directly obtainable from digesting phosphate rock in nitric acid. The method includes filling at least one vertical crystallizing tank through an inlet with the aqueous calcium nitrate composition. The crystallizing tank includes a vertical cylindrical section, a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet, three concentric banks of cooling coils, an agitator, and a temperature measurement device. The method includes circulating through the banks of cooling coils a cooling fluid, having an initial temperature ranging from −40° C. to −5° C., and rotating the agitator such that a minimum average heat transfer of 400 W/m.sup.2.Math.K is achieved on the cooling coil the most distant from the agitator.