Disclosed is a method for synthesizing a β-cyano ketone compound, including steps of (1) adding a α-keto acid and sodium hydroxide to a separator-free electrolytic cell, adding acetonitrile thereto, and dissolving the α-keto acid and sodium hydroxide in acetonitrile by stirring to be uniform, to obtain a dissolution solution; (2) adding an alkene or a derivative thereof, cyanobenziodoxolone, and an electrolyte to the dissolution solution, to obtain a mixed solution; (3) subjecting the mixed solution to an electrochemical reaction by electrifying a cathode of a platinum sheet, and an anode of a graphite electrode to obtain a reacted solution; and (4) after the electrochemical reaction, collecting the reacted solution, adding water thereto and stirring to obtain a mixture, subjecting the mixture to an extraction to obtain an organic phase, drying the organic phase and purifying, to obtain the β-cyano ketone compound.

In various embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to core-shell particles that comprise a porous hybrid organic-inorganic shell disposed on a surface-modified non-porous polymer particle core. In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to chromatographic separation devices that comprise such core-shell particles. In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to chromatographic methods that comprise: (a) loading a sample onto a chromatographic column comprising such core-shell particles and (b) flowing a mobile phase through the column.

A method for extracting a low-molecular-weight substance existing in a biological sample, including: 1) an adsorption step of adsorbing the substance on porous carbon by mixing the biological sample with the porous carbon having mesopores of 3.5 nm to 150 nm and micropores of a larger size as a hierarchical structure, and recovering the porous carbon from the obtained mixture, or by bringing the biological sample into contact with a filtration filter on which the porous carbon is disposed or supported; and 2) a releasing step of releasing the low-molecular-weight substance from the porous carbon by mixing the porous carbon obtained after the adsorption step with an aqueous solution containing 0.1 mass % to 1 mass % of spherical silica having an average particle diameter of 10 nm to 100 nm and containing 10% to 12% of acetonitrile, or by causing the filtration filter to contact and pass through the aqueous solution.

A method for extracting a low-molecular-weight substance existing in a biological sample, including: 1) an adsorption step of adsorbing the substance on porous carbon by mixing the biological sample with the porous carbon having mesopores of 3.5 nm to 150 nm and micropores of a larger size as a hierarchical structure, and recovering the porous carbon from the obtained mixture, or by bringing the biological sample into contact with a filtration filter on which the porous carbon is disposed or supported; and 2) a releasing step of releasing the low-molecular-weight substance from the porous carbon by mixing the porous carbon obtained after the adsorption step with an aqueous solution containing 0.1 mass % to 1 mass % of spherical silica having an average particle diameter of 10 nm to 100 nm and containing 10% to 12% of acetonitrile, or by causing the filtration filter to contact and pass through the aqueous solution.

Some variations provide a remediation composition for pesticide and/or heavy-metal remediation of a biomass extract, the remediation composition comprising at least one polysaccharide, at least one metal oxide, and at least one metal salt. Some variations provide a process for producing a biomass extract from a biomass feedstock, comprising: providing a starting biomass feedstock that contains a pesticide or a heavy metal; exposing the starting biomass feedstock to a process solvent, thereby forming a biomass extract dissolved and/or suspended in the process solvent, wherein the pesticide or heavy metal are contained in the biomass extract; providing a separation media containing a polysaccharide, a metal oxide, and a metal salt; and introducing the biomass extract to the separation media, wherein the pesticide or the heavy metal are removed by the separation media, thereby generating a remediated biomass extract. Systems utilizing the remediation composition in fixed or fluidized beds are described.

Some variations provide a remediation composition for pesticide and/or heavy-metal remediation of a biomass extract, the remediation composition comprising at least one polysaccharide, at least one metal oxide, and at least one metal salt. Some variations provide a process for producing a biomass extract from a biomass feedstock, comprising: providing a starting biomass feedstock that contains a pesticide or a heavy metal; exposing the starting biomass feedstock to a process solvent, thereby forming a biomass extract dissolved and/or suspended in the process solvent, wherein the pesticide or heavy metal are contained in the biomass extract; providing a separation media containing a polysaccharide, a metal oxide, and a metal salt; and introducing the biomass extract to the separation media, wherein the pesticide or the heavy metal are removed by the separation media, thereby generating a remediated biomass extract. Systems utilizing the remediation composition in fixed or fluidized beds are described.

An energy-storage arrangement for, e.g., an electric or hybrid vehicle includes an energy-storage device including energy-storage cells arranged in a housing. The housing includes an inlet and an outlet for a temperature-control fluid, that may provide for direct temperature control of the energy-storage cells in the housing. The energy-storage arrangement further includes a temperature-control-fluid circuit, in which the housing, a pump for conveying the temperature-control fluid, and a heat-transfer device are arranged. A water-separator for separating or discharging water from the temperature-control fluid may be provided in the temperature-control-fluid circuit.

An energy-storage arrangement for, e.g., an electric or hybrid vehicle includes an energy-storage device including energy-storage cells arranged in a housing. The housing includes an inlet and an outlet for a temperature-control fluid, that may provide for direct temperature control of the energy-storage cells in the housing. The energy-storage arrangement further includes a temperature-control-fluid circuit, in which the housing, a pump for conveying the temperature-control fluid, and a heat-transfer device are arranged. A water-separator for separating or discharging water from the temperature-control fluid may be provided in the temperature-control-fluid circuit.

For providing a column oven and chromatography capable of reliably preventing misconnection of a storage unit to a connecting part, the column oven includes: a hollow casing; a column unit including an analysis column, which is arranged in the casing and allows a mobile phase (Q) to flow through, and a storage unit, which is attached to the analysis column and stores data of the analysis column; multiple holding parts, which are arranged in the casing and hold the analysis column; a tabular fixing plate, which is arranged in the casing and fixes the respective holding parts to the casing; multiple connecting parts, which are arranged in the casing and connect the storage unit electrically and detachably; and a heating part, which heats the analysis column held by the holding parts in the casing. When viewing the analysis column from a side facing the fixing plate with the analysis column held by the holding parts, the connecting parts connected to the storage unit of the column unit including the analysis column are arranged adjacent to the analysis column.

For providing a column oven and chromatography capable of reliably preventing misconnection of a storage unit to a connecting part, the column oven includes: a hollow casing; a column unit including an analysis column, which is arranged in the casing and allows a mobile phase (Q) to flow through, and a storage unit, which is attached to the analysis column and stores data of the analysis column; multiple holding parts, which are arranged in the casing and hold the analysis column; a tabular fixing plate, which is arranged in the casing and fixes the respective holding parts to the casing; multiple connecting parts, which are arranged in the casing and connect the storage unit electrically and detachably; and a heating part, which heats the analysis column held by the holding parts in the casing. When viewing the analysis column from a side facing the fixing plate with the analysis column held by the holding parts, the connecting parts connected to the storage unit of the column unit including the analysis column are arranged adjacent to the analysis column.