Disclosed herein is a method for recovering an acid or a base during a metal extraction process. The method comprises contacting a feed stream comprising the acid or base and the metal with an ultrafiltration membrane to produce an ultrafiltration retentate and an ultrafiltration permeate, and contacting the ultrafiltration permeate with a nanofiltration membrane. The nanofiltration retentate produced comprises a majority of the metal from the feed stream, and the nanofiltration permeate produced comprises a majority of the acid or base from the feed stream. Also disclosed herein is a recovery apparatus for recovering an acid or a base during a metal extraction process.

A flue gas cleaning solution purification system includes: a scrubber for removing contaminants from flue gas by using a cleaning solution; a cleaning solution purification unit for purifying the contaminated cleaning solution discharged from the scrubber; a cleaning solution resupply unit for resupplying the cleaning solution having been purified by the cleaning solution purification unit to the scrubber; and a sludge treatment unit for treating and storing sludge discharged from the cleaning solution purification unit, wherein the cleaning solution purification unit includes: a circulation buffer tank for temporarily storing the discharged contaminated cleaning solution; a coagulant supply apparatus for supplying a coagulant which coagulates contaminants of the contaminated cleaning solution discharged from the scrubber; a settling apparatus for primarily purifying the contaminated cleaning solution discharged from the scrubber by enabling settling of the contaminants; and a filtering apparatus for secondarily purifying the cleaning solution by filtering the contaminated cleaning solution to remove the contaminants.

A tank assembly for the treatment of waste streams that include settling pollutants and floating pollutants. The tank assembly includes an inlet conduit, a first compartment that includes a first drain at a bottom thereof, a second compartment that includes a second drain at a bottom thereof, a third compartment that includes a third drain at a bottom thereof, and an outlet conduit. The second compartment also includes at least a first lamella filter package disposed therein. The third compartment also includes a skimmer, an underrun member and an overrun member. A liquid flow path is defined from the inlet conduit, through the first compartment, through the second compartment and the first lamella filter pack, through the third compartment, past the skimmer, under the underrun, over the overrun and out the outlet conduit.

An apparatus for washing solid particles removed from a hydrocarbon-containing fluid produced from an oil and gas production facility using a company automated unit. The apparatus comprises an inlet that carries a mixture of solids particles and water flushed from a de-sander.

A tank system may be conventional and fixed, or mobile, such as a fracking fluid or other tank trailer. A drain port thereof is fitted with an adapter connecting a snorkel system to drain liquids from near the top of the liquid level in the tank. A snorkel head at the extreme distal end of a tube near the longitudinal center of the tank is suspended by a system of buoys. A flow field controller plate resists formation of vortices near the snorkel head, so it can operate as near the surface as possible, withdrawing the highest grade oil efficiently. At its exit, the proximal end of the tube drains oil through an inner conduit of an adapter at a penetration in the wall of the tank. The adapter forms an annulus around the inner conduit draining tank bottoms directly from the tank.

A separator, for separating solids from a liquid, comprises a hydrodynamic separator, a first filtration device, a first backwash device, a second filtration device, and a second backwash device. The first filtration device comprises a first inlet at a first level for receiving at least a first portion of the liquid from the hydrodynamic separator, and a first filter for filtering the first portion of the liquid received via the first inlet. During filtration of the first portion of the liquid, the first portion of the liquid passes through the first filter away from the first inlet and a first portion of solids is retained by the first filter. The first filter is located between the first inlet and the first backwash device. The first backwash device is configured to alternately prevent and allow the passage of the first portion of the liquid through the first backwash device such that, when the passage of the first portion of the liquid through the first backwash device is prevented, the first portion of the liquid that has passed through the first filter passes back through the first filter toward the first inlet so as to remove the first portion of solids from the first filter. The second filtration device comprises a second inlet at a second level higher than the first level for receiving a second portion of the liquid from the hydrodynamic separator, and a second filter for filtering the second portion of the liquid received via the second inlet. During filtration of the second portion of the liquid, the second portion of the liquid passes through the second filter away from the second inlet, and a second portion of solids is retained by the second filter. The second filter is located between the second inlet and the second backwash device. The second backwash device is configured to alternately prevent and allow the passage of the second portion of the liquid through the second backwash device such that, when the passage of the second portion of the liquid through the second backwash device is prevented, the second portion of the liquid that has passed through the second filter passes back through the second filter toward the second inlet so as to remove the second portion of solids from the second filter.

A settling or sedimentation tank including inlet structures arranged, through whose inlet opening the suspension to be separated flows to the tanks, the height of which can be variably adjusted. In addition to the height variability of the inlet opening, the volumetric flow flowing out of the inlet structure can, depending on the actual load, be directed by forming a horizontally flow-through inlet opening or a vertically flow-through inlet opening and can optionally be divided into horizontal and vertical partial flows Q.sub.I and Q.sub.II. As a result of the horizontal inflow, the capacity of the sedimentation tank increases at high loads, and as a result of the vertical inflow, the volume flow through the sedimentation chamber and the turbulent energy in the sedimentation chamber decrease at low loads, so that the retention of fine suspension in the sedimentation tank is increased and thus the effluent quality is improved.

Removable trap stations for hydrocarbon flowlines can be implemented as an apparatus. The apparatus includes a multi-phase fluid receiver body and a tank defining an interior volume. The fluid receiver body is configured to couple to a flowline carrying a multi-phase fluid including solids and liquids. The fluid receiver body includes an inlet portion configured to receive a portion of the multi-phase fluid including a portion of the solids flowing through the flowline into the receiver body. The fluid receiver body includes an outlet portion fluidically coupled to the inlet portion. The portion of the multi-phase fluid is configured to flow from the inlet portion to the outlet portion. The tank is fluidically and detachably coupled to the outlet and is configured to receive and retain the portion of the multi-phase fluid received through the inlet portion.

An extrusion system for separating particulates entrained in wash water, e.g. from harvesting tuberous produce, includes a settling tank configured to receive a flow of particulated water. A diffuser suspended within the tank converts the flow of particulated water into multiple transverse flows to avoid churning settled particulates. A particulate filter fixed within the tank includes a central channel surrounded by a cylindrical array of cantilevered parallel vertical blades. The channel directs the flows below the blades, causing dynamic movement of the blades as the particulated water rises therebetween to trap particulates along boundary layers, promote particulate settling by gravity, and allow clarified water to rise to the top of the tank. A sensor detects settled particulate reaching a predetermined setpoint, and in response the system actuates an auger and opens a pinch valve to force concentrated particulate from the bottom of the tank.

A tank system may be conventional and fixed, or mobile, such as a fracking fluid or other tank trailer. A drain port thereof is fitted with an adapter connecting a snorkel system to drain liquids from near the top of the liquid level in the tank. A snorkel head at the extreme distal end of a tube near the longitudinal center of the tank is suspended by a system of buoys. A flow field controller resists formation of vortices near the snorkel head, so it can operate as near the surface as possible, withdrawing the highest grade oil efficiently without entrainment of overlying gases and vapors, nor the second liquid layered therebelow. All are configured to fit into the tank without requiring any personnel to enter the tank. Oil, water, and sludge may drain through the system to exit the tank.