A method for providing magnetic fluid treatment in which at least one electrical conductor comprising at least one length of an electrical conducting material having a first conductor lead and a second conductor lead is energized. The electrical conductor is coiled with at least one turn to form at least one uninterrupted coil of electrical conductor encircling at least a section of an outer surface of a conduit. Energizing the at least one electrical conductor establishes a magnetic field having lines of flux directed along the flow path and concentrated in a non-magnetically conductive region located between two magnetically conductive regions. A fluid is directed through the conduit past the non-magnetically conductive region to provide magnetic fluid treatment to the fluid.

A method for providing magnetic fluid treatment in which at least one electrical conductor comprising at least one length of an electrical conducting material having a first conductor lead and a second conductor lead is energized. The electrical conductor is coiled with at least one turn to form at least one uninterrupted coil of electrical conductor encircling at least a section of an outer surface of a conduit. Energizing the at least one electrical conductor establishes a magnetic field having lines of flux directed along the flow path and concentrated in a non-magnetically conductive region located between two magnetically conductive regions. A fluid is directed through the conduit past the non-magnetically conductive region to provide magnetic fluid treatment to the fluid.

A system and method for algal harvesting and destabilization are provided. The system includes a multifunctional reactive electrochemical membrane (REM). The application of an electrical current generates reactive species at the REM surface and oxidizes algae and soluble organic compounds. This novel type of membrane filtration avoids the use of harmful chemical additives. In addition, it provides the benefits of avoiding polymer aging, membrane fouling, and high costs caused by high transmembrane pressures and frequent membrane cleaning. Traditional membrane separation that significantly suffers from membrane fouling due to either the formation of a cake layer of algal cells, or more commonly due to organic matter adsorption onto the membrane surface is significantly avoided.

Two-dimensional materials, particularly graphene-based materials, having a plurality of apertures thereon can be formed into enclosures for various substances and introduced to an environment, particularly a biological environment (in vivo or in vitro). One or more selected substances can be released into the environment, one or more selected substances from the environment can enter the enclosure, one or more selected substances from the environment can be prevented from entering the enclosure, one or more selected substances can be retained within the enclosure, or combinations thereof. The enclosure can for example allow a sense-response paradigm to be realized. The enclosure can for example provide immunoisolation for materials, such as living cells, retained therein.

A power steering fluid filter assembly having a housing defining an interior chamber, an upstream end and downstream end. The housing is substantially cylindrical having a substantially circular cross-section and longitudinal axis and at least one filter element through which fluid flowing through said housing passes. A plurality of inlet nozzles, each of which are selectively removable at the upstream end of the housing, the inlet nozzles having commonly sized cylindrical protrusions for fitting within the housing and differentially sized hose barbs for fitting within differentially sized hoses feeding power steering fluid to the housing. A plurality of outlet nozzles each of which are selectively removable at the downstream end of the housing, the outlet nozzles having commonly sized cylindrical protrusions for fitting within the housing and differentially sized hose barbs for fitting within differentially sized hoses through which power steering fluid exiting the housing passes. The inlet and outlet nozzles are releasably retained at the ends of the housing by, for example, removable clips, threads, or snap rings.

The present disclosure relates to a filter, which comprises a housing, a protective bushing, a magnetic bar and a filter screen. The protective bushing, the magnetic bar and the filter screen are disposed in the housing. The protective bushing comprises a cavity and a channel. The channel is disposed along the axial direction of the cavity. The advantageous effects of the filter according to the present disclosure lies in that: the magnetic bar inside the filter can adsorb metal impurities in the water in the channel; and the channel is in S shape which can increase the length of the flow path of the water so that the metal impurities in the water can be guaranteed to be sufficiently adsorbed by the magnetic bar; and the filter screen can filter out non-metal impurities in the water. An exhaust valve provided at the top of the protective bushing can keep the balance between the air pressure inside the filter and the air pressure outside the filter, which can ensure that the water can flow out and in smoothly. The filter is attached with an operating handle. If the user wants to disassemble the filter to clear up the metal impurities and non-metal impurities in the filter, he can disassemble the filter by means of the operating handle without the need of professional operator, which is convenient and simple.

The present disclosure relates to a filter, which comprises a housing, a protective bushing, a magnetic bar and a filter screen. The protective bushing, the magnetic bar and the filter screen are disposed in the housing. The protective bushing comprises a cavity and a channel. The channel is disposed along the axial direction of the cavity. The advantageous effects of the filter according to the present disclosure lies in that: the magnetic bar inside the filter can adsorb metal impurities in the water in the channel; and the channel is in S shape which can increase the length of the flow path of the water so that the metal impurities in the water can be guaranteed to be sufficiently adsorbed by the magnetic bar; and the filter screen can filter out non-metal impurities in the water. An exhaust valve provided at the top of the protective bushing can keep the balance between the air pressure inside the filter and the air pressure outside the filter, which can ensure that the water can flow out and in smoothly. The filter is attached with an operating handle. If the user wants to disassemble the filter to clear up the metal impurities and non-metal impurities in the filter, he can disassemble the filter by means of the operating handle without the need of professional operator, which is convenient and simple.

A fluid treatment apparatus includes a ferrite assembly, a driver, and an oscillator circuit. The ferrite assembly is arranged in use to be capable of surrounding a conduit containing fluid to be acted on. The driver is arranged to generate a pulsed current to which the ferrite assembly is subjected whereby the driver is electromagnetically coupled to the ferrite assembly. The oscillator circuit is electromagnetically coupled to the ferrite assembly, and in response to the pulse generated by the driver, causes an oscillating signal to be generated which gives rise to an electromagnetic field which acts on the fluid in the conduit.

A strainer (101) for use in fluid piping. The strainer (101) comprises a body (102) for connection to a fluid piping inflow conduit (201) and to a fluid piping outflow conduit (202). The body (102) defines an interior chamber (103), a fluid inlet port (104) and a fluid outlet port (105). The body (102) defines a fluid flow path (106) between the fluid inlet port (104) and the fluid outlet port (105) that extends through the interior chamber (103). The strainer (101) comprises a screen collector (107) that is removably locatable in the body (102), within the fluid flow path (106). The strainer (101) further comprises a permanent magnet collector (102) that is removably locatable in the body (102). The strainer (101) may be used in fluid circuit piping of a heating or a cooling system.

A strainer (101) for use in fluid piping. The strainer (101) comprises a body (102) for connection to a fluid piping inflow conduit (201) and to a fluid piping outflow conduit (202). The body (102) defines an interior chamber (103), a fluid inlet port (104) and a fluid outlet port (105). The body (102) defines a fluid flow path (106) between the fluid inlet port (104) and the fluid outlet port (105) that extends through the interior chamber (103). The strainer (101) comprises a screen collector (107) that is removably locatable in the body (102), within the fluid flow path (106). The strainer (101) further comprises a permanent magnet collector (102) that is removably locatable in the body (102). The strainer (101) may be used in fluid circuit piping of a heating or a cooling system.