Filter media incorporating one or more filtration layers that include fibers including fiber portions orientated at a non-zero angle with respect to a surface of the filtration layer are provided. In some embodiments, at least a part of the fiber portions are positioned at an angle of at least 20 degrees (e.g., between 46 degrees and 90 degrees, or between 61 degrees and 90 degrees) with respect to a surface of the filtration layer or an outer or cover layer of the media. This orientation of fiber portions may result in an increased efficiency (e.g., average efficiency and/or initial efficiency) compared to similar filter media that do not include such oriented fiber portions.

A method for forming a filter for passing contaminated water using elements that are made wholly or partly of degradable material. The increased area available for flow is obtained by providing a first media for which the increase in area for passing the contaminated water is desired, adding a second media comprising of a plurality of degradable elements, and allowing the elements of to degrade to bring about an increase in the area available for passing the contaminated water.

The present invention relates to a multistage fiber filtering apparatus capable of selectively filtering depending on turbidity of raw water, in which a first filtration mode where the raw water passes through a fiber ball medium, a second filtration mode where the raw water passes through a fiber yarn medium, or a third filtration mode where the raw water passes through both of the fiber yarn medium and the fiber ball medium may be selectively operated.

The present invention relates to a multistage fiber filtering apparatus capable of selectively filtering depending on turbidity of raw water, in which a first filtration mode where the raw water passes through a fiber ball medium, a second filtration mode where the raw water passes through a fiber yarn medium, or a third filtration mode where the raw water passes through both of the fiber yarn medium and the fiber ball medium may be selectively operated.

A novel fluid filter includes a partially permeable elastic bag encapsulating a filtration medium, and providing pressure to prevent channeling. A receiver with one or more apertures fits at least partially within the filtration bag to receive treated fluid. A cover may be placed over a tube of the receiver to prevent filtration medium from exiting system. An upper portion of the filtration bag is impermeable, while the lower portion of the bag is permeable. The fluid path flows over the top and up through the lower section and through a major path through the filtration medium.

Provided is a granular filtration media comprising a mixture of granular filtration media and less than 5% of nanofibers based on the dry weight, method of making the same and uses of the same for removing contaminants from water, including metals, heavy metals, synthetic or natural organic matters, colloidal or suspended particles to improve the chemical safety and purity of water for the purpose of water purification, specifically, one embodiment of the present invention disclosed is use of the granular filtration media to remove particulate lead from high pH water.

Provided is a granular filtration media comprising a mixture of granular filtration media and less than 5% of nanofibers based on the dry weight, method of making the same and uses of the same for removing contaminants from water, including metals, heavy metals, synthetic or natural organic matters, colloidal or suspended particles to improve the chemical safety and purity of water for the purpose of water purification, specifically, one embodiment of the present invention disclosed is use of the granular filtration media to remove particulate lead from high pH water.

A water filtration device includes a diffusiophoretic water filter having an inlet and an outlet and for receiving a colloidal suspension at the inlet and flowing the colloidal suspension between the inlet and the outlet in a flow direction; a diffusiophoretic-inducing membrane; a cover, the membrane and the cover defining a plurality of channels extending between the inlet and the outlet; an outlet splitter for the plurality of channels being fixed with respect to the membrane or the cover, the cover and membrane being flexible and configured to permit rolling up of the membrane and the cover. A related method is also provided.

A water filtration device includes a diffusiophoretic water filter having an inlet and an outlet and for receiving a colloidal suspension at the inlet and flowing the colloidal suspension between the inlet and the outlet in a flow direction; a diffusiophoretic-inducing membrane; a cover, the membrane and the cover defining a plurality of channels extending between the inlet and the outlet; an outlet splitter for the plurality of channels being fixed with respect to the membrane or the cover, the cover and membrane being flexible and configured to permit rolling up of the membrane and the cover. A related method is also provided.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a water purification and storage system, comprising (a) a tank configured to accept and hold water, and (b) a filter mounted with the tank in a configuration such that the filter is contacted by water in the tank when the tank is in its normal storage orientation and the water in the tank is 25% or more of the tank's holding capacity.